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Science
quarterly
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| solid | def shape, def volume, tightly packed |
| liquid | no def shape, def volume, loosely packed |
| gas | no def shape, no def volume, very loosly packed |
| gas to liquid to solid | molecules LOSE energy |
| solid to liquid to gas | molecules GAIN energy |
| solid to liquid | melting |
| liquid to gas | boiling |
| liquid to solid | freezing |
| gas to liquid | condensation |
| melting and freezing happens at | 0 degrees celsius |
| boiling and condensation happen at | 100 degrees celsius |
| as heat increases | gets hotter |
| energy increases | molecules move faster and spread apart |
| physical change | doesn't change what the substance is, can be reversed |
| cutting a piece of paper | physical change |
| ice melting | physical change |
| chemical chnage | where there is a chemical reaction, a new substance is formed and can't be reversed |
| burning a piece of paper | chemical change |
| a bicycle rusting | chemical change |
| digesting food | chemical change |
| potential energy | stored energy due to position or condition (object NOT moving) |
| kinetic energy | energy of motion |
| law of conservation energy | energy is neither created or destroyed . When we use energy, it doesn't disappear, it changes from one form of energy into another |
| toaster - electrical energy into thermal energy | conversion |
| blender- electrical energy into mechanical energy | conversion |
| bodies - chemical energy to mechanical energy | conversion |
| batteries - chemical energy changes to eletrical | conversion |
| conduction | in solids through direct contact |
| convection | through fluids |
| radiation | through space |
| power | the rate of doing work |
| work | force exerted on an object that causes it to move |
| force | a push or pull on an object |
| work/energy measures in | joules |
| power measures in | watts |
| force measures in | newtons |
| simple machine | any of the basic mechanical devices for applying a force |
| lever | long beam or rod that pivots on a fulcrum |
| 1st class lever | fulcrum is in the middle ~seesaw~ |
| 2nd class lever | load or resistance is in the middle ~wheel barrow~ |
| 3rd class lever | effort is in the middle ~rake~ |
| wedge | two inclined planes joined together that is used to separate objects ~knife~ |
| screw | an iclined plane wrapped around a cylinder used to hold things together ~bolt~ |
| wheel & axle | two circular objects joined at the center ~doorknob~ |
| inclined plane | a flat surface tilted on an angle ~ramp~ |
| pulley | a wheel with a grooved edge that holds a rope or cable ~blinds~ |
| independent variable | what "I" change in the varible |
| dependent variable | data being measured or collected, responding variable |
| control | used as a comparison, no testing takes place in this group |
| constant | stays the same through all groups in the experiment |
| non-renewable | an energy resource that is not replaced or is only replaced very slowly by natural processes |
| fossil fuels | non-renewable |
| renewable | an energy resource that is easily replenished by the environment |
| solar energy | renewable |
| wind energy | renewable |
| geothermal | renewable |
| biomass | renewable |
| hydroelectric | renewable |
| nuclear | non-renewable |
| nuclear fission | atoms splitting |
| nuclear fusion | conjoining atoms |
| mechanical energy | sum of KE & PE |
| chemical energy | elements reacting |
| electrical energy | moving electrons |
| light energy | vibrating photons |
| sound energy | vibrations |
| nuclear energy | the energy released during nuclear fission or fusion |
| heat moves from | warmer to cooler |
Created by:
Ashlinabruzzo
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