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Chptr: 11 Kinematics

This is a review over chapter 11 in the Physical Science 6th edition textbook.

Question/TermAnswer/definition
Define mechanics the study of motion
Define kinematics the study of how things move
Why did the Greeks think things moved as they did? It was there nature
who were the two scientists who worked together in 1600 to study the motion of planets Tycho Brahe and Johannes Kepler
Define Retrograde motion the apparent reversal of planets in their orbits
Who described that planets moved in elliptical, not circular, orbits? Johannes Kepler
How many laws of planetary motion did Kepler's work identify? three laws
What did Galileo descover? all objects in a vacuum, regardless of mass, fall at the same rate.
Classical mechanics the study of how and why things move
What did Isaac Newton develope? the first truly mathematical model of motion
What does Quantum mechanics describe? the behavior of tiney objects
What does relativistic mechanics explain? the motion of high-speed objects
Define frame of refrance a coordinate system that we can use to describe the motion of objects
define system a portion of the larger motion that we are interested in studying
What is the equation of displacement ∆x=x𝓯-x𝓲
define scalar any quantity that consists of magnitude, or size, only.
define Vector any quantity that consists of magnitude and direction.
Define speed the distance traveled in an amount of time
Define velocity the rate at which an object's position changes
what is the formula for speed? S=d/t
What is the formula for velocity? V=∆x/∆t
Is speed a scalar quantity or a vector quantity? Scalar quantity
Is velocity a scalar quantity or a vector quantity? vector quantity
Define momentum a property of a moving system that is equal to its velocity multiplied by its mass.
What is the formula for momentum? p=m(v)
state the law of conservation of momentum within a closed system---that is isolated from outside pushes or pulls--- the total momentum remains constant.
Define acceleration The change in velocity in a given amount of time
What is the formula for Acceleration? a=∆v/∆t
Define free fall the motion of objects that fall due to gravity alone with no other forces acting on them
what is the approximate value of free fall? 9.81m/s
Define circular motion motion moving in a circular path
Define centripetal acceleration Acceleration that causes an object to move along a circular path. It always accelerates an object toward the center of a circle.
Define projectile motion a two-dimensional motion of any flying object whose path is determined by the influence of external forces only, such as gravity.
Define trajectory when a projectile follows a curved path
Define linear motion Objects that move along in a straight path.
Created by: hihello2007
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