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Neuromuscular: Anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ___ matter is made up of unmyelinated neurons and contains capillaries, glial cells, cell bodies, dendrites | grey |
| ___ matter is made up of myelinated axons and contains nerve fibers without dendrites | white |
| ___ is a sudden drop in HR and BP leading to fainting, often in reaction to a stressful trigger | vasovagal syncope |
| the [right/left] side of the brain is responsible for logic, language, sequencing/performing movement, expressing positive emotions | left |
| the [right/left] side of the brain is responsible for nonverbal processing, spatial/kinesthetic awareness, hand-eye coordination, comprehension of concepts , expressing negative emotions | right |
| the ___ lobe is responsible for voluntary movement, intellect, orientation, personality, judgement and reasoning | frontal |
| Broca's area is located in the ___ lobe | frontal |
| possible impairments that can result from damage to the frontal lobe include: (5) | contralateral weakness inattention/ poor concentration personality changes Broca's aphasia emotional instability |
| the ___ lobe is responsible for touch, temperature, vibration, kinesthetic/spatial/visual perception, interpreting language and words, and providing meaning for objects | parietal |
| possible impairments that can result from damage to the parietal lobe in the dominant (usually the left) hemisphere include: (3) | agraphia alexia agnosia |
| possible impairments that can result from damage to the parietal lobe in the non-dominant (usually the right) hemisphere include: (3) | dressing apraxia constructional apraxia anosognosia |
| possible impairments that can result from damage to the parietal lobe, regardless of hemisphere, include: (3) | contralateral sensory deficits impaired language comprehension impaired taste |
| the ___ lobe is responsible for auditory processing, understanding and producing meaningful words | temporal |
| Wernicke's area is located in the ___ lobe | temporal |
| ___ area is responsible for understanding and producing meaningful words | Wernicke's |
| possible impairments that can result from damage to the temporal lobe include: (5) | learning deficits Wernicke's aphasia antisocial/aggressive behavior issues with interpreting other's emotions/reactions issues with memory |
| Broca's aphasia is also known as [receptive/expressive] aphasia | expressive |
| Wernicke's aphasia is also known as [receptive/expressive] aphasia | receptive |
| the ___ lobe is responsible for vision, judgement of distance, and processing visual information such as shapes and colors | occipital |
| possible impairments that can result from damage to the temporal lobe include: (4) | homonymous hemianopsia impaired eye muscle movement impaired color recognition reading and writing impairment |
| ___ is loss of the same half of the visual field in both eyes | homonymous hemianopsia |
| the ___ is involved in forming and storing memory, and plays a role in learning languages | hippocampus |
| the ___ is involved in voluntary movement, regulation of autonomic movement, posture, muscle tone, control of motor response | basal ganglia |
| conditions associated with the dysfunction of the basal ganglia include: (6) | Parkinson's Huntington's Tourette's ADHD OCD addictions |
| the ___ is involved in emotional and social processing, fear and pleasure responses, and arousal | amygdala |
| the ___ is involved in processing and relaying information to the cerebral cortex | thalamus |
| ___ occurs as a result of damage to the thalamus, and results in spontaneous pain on the contralateral side of the body | thalamic pain syndrome |
| the ___ is involved in receiving and integrating information from the ANS, and assisting in hormone regulation | hypothalamus |
| conditions associated with dysfunction of the hypothalamus include: (4) | obesity sexual disinterest poor temperature control diabetes |
| the ___ is the reflex center for visual, auditory, and tactile responses | midbrain |
| the ___ is involved in fine tuning movement and assisting with posture and balance by controlling muscle tone, and controls the ability to perform rapid alternating movements | cerebellum |
| the ___ is responsible for regulating respiratory rate and orientation of the head | pons |
| the ___ is responsible for regulating respiratory rate and heart rate, and contains the reflex center for vomiting, coughing, and sneezing | medulla oblongata |
| impairment to the ___ artery can result in paraplegia, incontinence, aphasia, front lobe symptoms (personality changes, akinetic mutism/conscious unresponsiveness) | anterior cerebral |
| impairment to the ___ artery can result in contralateral hemiplegia and sensory impairment; if in dominant lobe, can cause global, Wernicke's, or Broca's aphasia | middle cerebral |
| impairment to the ___ artery can result in thalamic pain syndrome (abnormal sense of pain, temperature, touch, and proprioception) and cortical blindness | posterior cerebral |
| impairment to the ___ artery can result in locked=in syndrome, coma, Wallenberg syndrome (ipsilateral facial pain, ataxia, vertigo, contralateral pain and thermal impairment) | vertebral-basilar |
| signs and symptoms of meningitis include: (6) | fever, headache, vomiting c/o stiff, painful neck pain in lumbar region and posterior thigh Brudzinski's sign (flex neck = hip/knee flex) Kernig's Sign (pain w/ hip flex + knee ext) light sensitivity |
| ___ is excessive CSF in the spinal cord | syringomyelia |
| ___ is excessive CSF in the ventricles of the brain | hydrocephalus |
| signs and symptoms of hydrocephalus or a blocked shunt include: (6) | enlarged head/bulging fontanelles in infants headaches or vomiting changes in vision, behavior, appetite seizures incontinence "sun setting" sign/ downward deviation of the eyes |
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saram6450
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