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pharm
Endocrine Quiz questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Parafollicular cells in the parathyroid secrete: | calcitonin |
| Function of Thyroid: | Releases TRH from hypothalamus to stimulate pituitary gland & produce & secrete TSH |
| Negative Feedback loop: | When thyroid hormones reach a certain level in the blood, the secretions of TRH and TSH are slowed down. |
| Thyroid hormone affects: | regulate metabolic rate & critical to growth of the nervous system. |
| What causes hypothyroidism? | Insufficient secretion of TSH or thyroid hormone. |
| Hypothyroidism in adults is called: | myxedema |
| Signs & symptoms of myxedem? | Low body temperture & intolerance to cold, slowed metabolism, slurred speech, bradycardia, weight gain. |
| Treatment for hypothyroid is: | Levothyroxine (Synthroid) |
| Hyperthyroidism is caused by: | Too much thyroid hormone being secreted. |
| Severe form of hyperthyroidism is: | Graves disease |
| Signs & symptoms of Graves disease: | increased body metabolism, tachycardia, weight loss, high body temp, anxiety & exopothalomus (buldging eyes) |
| Treatment of hyperthyroidism: | Thyroidectomy if due to tumorPropylthiouracil (PTU) |
| Adrenal glands are located?What are the 2 regions of the adrenal glands: | Lie on top of kidneyRegions are: Cortex & Medulla |
| Adrenal Cortex secretes two classes of corticosteroids: | Glucocorticoids & Mineralocorticoids |
| Mineralocorticoids | AldosteroneIncreases renal absorption of sodium in exchange for potassium., more sodium and water retention in body. |
| Function of glucocorticoids: | CRF secreted by hypothalamus, ACTH is then released by the pituitary gland, glucocorticoids are released from teh adrenal cortex, when thenglucocorticoid level increases- hormones shut off. |
| What glucocorticoids do in the body: | Long term stress mobilizes the formation of glucose, promotes breakdown & utilization f proteins & lipids, promotes homeostasis of the cardiovascular, nervous & musculoskeltal system. |
| Signs & symptoms of adrenocortical insufficiency: | Hypoglycemia, fatigue, hypotension, GI disturbances. |
| What are glucocorticoids used to treat? | Inflammatory & immune responses such as: allergies, seasonal rhinitis, asthma, hodgkins disease, rheumatoid arthritis |
| Side effects of Cushings Syndrome: | Adrenal atrophy, Osteoporosis, increased risk of infections, delayed woudn healing, peptic ulcer, accumulation of fat around shoulders and neck, mood and personality changes, hyperglycemia. |
| Common glucocorticoids: | Predinisone (Deltasone)Hydrocortisone (Solu-cortef)Methylpredinisolone (Solu-medrol)Dexamethasone (Decadron)Betamethasone (Celestone) |
| Somatotropin is known as? | Growth Hormone |
| A decrease in Somatotropoin or growth hormone cahses what in children? | Dwarfism |
| Growth Hormone Medications: | Somatrem (Protopin) & Somatropin (Humantrope) |
| Antidiuretic Hormones: | Increase water absorption by kidneys conserving water,causes vasopressin & raises blood pressure when secreted in large amounts. |
| What causes diabetes insipidus? | deficiency of ADH (SE polyuria, electrolyte imbalances) |
| Treatment for Diabetes insipidus? | Vasopressin (Pitressin)Desmopressin - used for enuresis (bed wetting) - nasal spray |
Created by:
kcornwell
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