Save
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

Psych Unit 9

Developmental Psychology

TermDefinition
Developmental Psychology A branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span.
Zygotes The fertilized egg; it enters a 2-week period of rapid cell division and develops into an embryo.
Embryo The developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the second month.
Fetus The developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth.
Teratogens (monster-maker) agents, such as chemicals and viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm.
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) Physical and cognitive abnormalities in children caused by a pregnant woman's heavy drinking. In severe cases, signs include a small, out-of-proportion head and abnormal facial features.
Habituation Decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation. As infants gain familiarity with repeated exposure to a visual stimulus, their interest wanes and they look away sooner.
Maturation Biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience.
Cognition All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.
Schema A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information.
Assimilation Interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas.
Accommodation Adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information.
Sensorimotor Stage In Piaget's theory, the stage (from birth to around 2 years old) during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities.
Object Permanence The awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived.
Preoperational Stage In Piaget's theory, the stage (from about 2 to 6 or 7 years old) during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic.
Conservation The principle (which Piaget groups with the preoperational stage) that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the form's of objects.
Egocentrism In Piaget's theory, the preoperational child's difficulty taking another's point of view.
Theory of Mind People's ideas about their own and other's mental states -- about their feelings, perceptions, and thoughts, and the behaviors these might predict.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) A disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by significant deficiencies in communication and social interactions, and by rigidly fixated interests and repetitive behaviors.
Concrete Operational Stage In Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (from ages 6 or 7 to 11) during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events.
Formal Operational Stage In Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (starts at age 12) during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts.
Stranger Anxiety The fear of strangers that infants commonly display, beginning by about 8 months of age.
Attachment An emotional tie with another person; shown in young children by their seeking closeness to the caregiver and showing distress on seperation.
Critical Period An optimal period early in the life of an organism when exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces normal development.
Imprinting The process by which certain animals form strong attachments during an early-life critical period.
Temperament A person's characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity.
Basic Trust According to Erik Erikson, a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy; said to be formed in infancy by appropriate experiences with responsive caregivers.
Self-Concept All our thoughts and feelings about ourselves, in answer to the question, "who am I?".
Authoritarian Parents impose rules and expect obedience.
Permissive Parents make few demands and use little punishment.
Authoritative Parents set rules but explain them and listen to the child's input.
Gender The socially constructed rules and characteristics by which a culture defines male and female.
Aggression Any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy.
Gender Role A set of expected behaviors for males or for females.
Role A set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave.
Gender Identity Our sense of being male or female.
Social learning Theory The theory that we learn social behaviors by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished.
Gender Typing The acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role.
Transgender An umbrella term describing people whose gender identity or expression differs from that associated with their birth sex.
Adolescence The transition period from childhood to adulthood, extending from puberty to independence.
Preconventional Morality Self-Interested; Obey rules to avoid punishment or gain concrete rewards.
Conventional Morality Uphold laws and rules to gain social approval or maintain social order.
Postconventional Morality Actions reflect beliefs in basic rights and self-defined ethical principles.
Identity Our sense of self; according to Erikson, the adolescent's task is to solidify a sense of self by testing and integrating various roles.
Social Identity The "we" aspect of our self-concept; the part of our answer to "who am I?" that comes from our group memberships.
Intimacy In Erikson's theory, the ability to form close, loving relationships; a primary developmental task in late adolescence and early adulthood.
Emerging Adulthood For some people in modern cultures, a period from the late teens to mid-twenties, bridging the gap between adolescent dependence and full independence and responsible adulthood.
X Chromosome The sex chromosome found in both men and women. Females have 2 X chromosomes; males have 1. An X chromosome from each parent produces a female child.
Y Chromosome The sex chromosome found only in males. When paired with an X chromosome from the mother, it produces a male child.
Testosterone The most important of the male sex hormones. Both males and females have it, but the additional testosterone in males stimulates the growth of the male sex organs in the fetus and the development of the male sex characteristics during puberty.
Puberty The period of sexual maturation, during which a person becomes capable of reproducing.
Primary Sex Characteristics The body structures (ovaries, testes, and external genitalia) that makes sexual reproduction possible.
Secondary Sex Characteristics Non reproductive sexual traits, such as female breasts and hips, male voice quality, and body hair.
AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) A life-threatening, sexually transmitted infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). AIDS depletes the immune system, leaving the person vulnerable to infections.
Sexual Orientation An enduring sexual attraction towards members of either one's own sex (homosexuality), the other sex (Heterosexuality), or both sexes (bisexual).
Menopause The time of natural cessation of menstruation, also refers to the biological changes a woman experiences as her ability to reproduce declines.
Cross-Sectional Study A study in which people of different ages are compared with one another.
Longitudinal Study Research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period.
Social Clock The culturally preferred timing of social events such as marriage, parenthood, and retirement.
Created by: emag
Popular Psychology sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards