Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
APP Finals - Sem. 1
Unit 1-6 Modules 1-44
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| General Adaption Syndrome (GAS) | (1) Alarm, (2) Resistance, (3) Exhaustion Fight or Flight response system when body is met with stress |
| Sympathetic Nervous System | Prepares body for "fight or flight" system; increases heart rate |
| Parasympathetic Nervous System | Regulates body back to original state; homeostasis |
| Mind/Body Problem | The ideas of whether mind and body are separate (dualism) or together (monism) |
| Random Assignment | To randomly assign individuals to treatments |
| Standard Deviation (Def. and Magic Numbers) | A measure of the variability of a set of scores or values within a group. How far a variable is from the mean. 68% - 95% - 99.7% |
| Control Condition | To have individuals who are exposed to a condition that is not a treatment or part of the experiment |
| Independent Variable | A variable that does not affect the end results; can coexist without effecting the other variables |
| Dependent Variable | A variable that affects the end results of an experiment or survey |
| Statistical | collecting and analyzing data to discover patterns and trends |
| Significance/Significant Difference | whether or not the difference between groups is because of chance or difference is likely the result of experimental conducted |
| Correlation Coefficient | a statistic that is used to estimate the linear relationship between two variables |
| Theory | a principle or idea that explains or solves a problem |
| Hypothesis | precise, testable statement of what the researchers predict will be the outcome of the study |
| Operational Definitions | the exact operations and methods used in research |
| Random Sample | A sample of the population you want to survey chosen at random |
| Double-Blind Study | Where both the experimenter and the individuals in the experiment don't know who gets what treatment |
| Placebo Effect | when an improvement of symptoms is observed, despite using a treatment that doesn't actually work/is fake. |
| Hippocampus | storing long-term memories and in making those memories resistant to forgetting while also conducting spatial process and navigation |
| Hypothalamus | Keeps body stable while regulating daily needs like releasing hormones, maintaining daily physiological cycles, and eating |
| Broca's Area | Frontal Lobe; Produce language spoken |
| Wernicke's Area | Left Temporal Lobe; Understand spoken language |
| Transduction | the process by which one form of energy is converted into another |
| Rods | Can see shapes, black and white |
| Cones | Can see color, detail |
| Kinesthesis | Helps with balancing; Tells our brain where the objects or things around us are in our environment |
| Fovea | in the central portion of the retina in which retinal cone cells are most concentrated and an image is focused most clearly |
| Vestibular Sense | In the ears, telling you your body's position in 3D Space |
| Proximity | Objects close together are groups together |
| Continuity | the ability to continue on the same way continuously |
| Similarity | Objects similar to each other are grouped together or related |
| Phi Phenomenon | an optical illusion that causes one to see several still images in a series as moving Ex: moving lights on a sign |
| Relative Clarity | Objects that look foggy or faded are most likely far away |
| Interposition | When one object is on top of another, making it look like the object is in front of the other |
| Closure | filling in missing parts and making the incomplete thing whole |
| Stroboscopic Effect | 2D animation; the apparent motion of a series of separate stimuli occurring in close consecutive order, as in motion pictures |
| Positive Reinforcement | Being rewarded with something you WANT |
| Negative Reinforcement | Being rewarded by GETTING RID of something you DIDN'T WANT |
| Spontaneous Recovery | A conditioned ability that comes back even after a long time of not being rehearsed |
| Extinction | the gradual weakening of a conditioned response resulting in a behavior stopping, or going extinct, over time |
| Cognitive Influence on Learning | Factors influence learning range like in how much a person is able to memorize or how they memorize information |
| Generalization | Where you respond to everything that is similar to the certain object or subject you were conditioned to respond to |
| Discrimination | Where you only respond to the certain object or subject that conditioned you to respond |
| Primary Reinforcers | a stimulus that is biologically important to an organism, such as food, water, sleep, shelter, safety, pleasure, and sex |
| Conditioned/Secondary Reinforcements | stimuli, objects, or events that become reinforcing based on their association with a primary reinforcer Ex: verbal praise after the primary reward |
| Shaping | the use of reinforcement of successive approximations of a desired behavior |
| Little Albert Experiment | Conditioning a baby to be afraid of objects similar to the little white rat by pairing petting the rat to a loud noise |
| Observational Learning | Learning through observation |
| Encoding | Learning the information |
| Storage | Maintaining the information overtime |
| Retrieval | Accessing information when needed |
| Ebbinghaus' Retention Curve | Forgetting Curve; shows the rate at which memories are lost over time |
| Serial Position Effect | Tendency to remember the first and last items in a list better than those in the middle |
| Mnemonic Devices | memory technique that can help increase your ability to recall and retain information |
| Long-Term Potentiation | Process of forming new synapses between neurons where there wasn't one before |
| Priming | The activation, often unconsciously, of particular association in memory |
| Misinformation Effect | Incorporating misleading information into one’s memory of an event |
| Retrograde Amnesia | Memory loss for events that took place in life BEFORE the onset of amnesia |
| Anterograde Amnesia | Memory loss for events that occur AFTER the initial onset of amnesia |
| Problem Focused Coping | People coping by trying to fix the problem they are facing |
| Emotion Focused Coping | People coping by regulating emotions in response to the problem, but not trying to resolve the problem |
| Encoding Failure | When a brain fails to create a memory link |
| Maintenance Rehearsal | Repeating items over and over to maintain them in short-term memory |
| Elaborative Rehearsal | Forming (encoding) a new memory by relating (linking) it to information one already knows |
| Semantic Encoding | Remembering by making meaning |
| Iconic Encoding | Remembering what you see |
| Echoic Encoding | Remembering what you hear |
| Mood Congruent Memory | The tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one’s current good or bad mood |
| Episodic Memory | Recollection of a personal experience that contains information on what has happened and also where and when it happened |
| Procedural Memory | Memory system in charge of the encoding, storage, and retrieval of the procedures like visuospatial, or cognitive skills. |
| Proactive Inference | Hard to recall new information when used to the old information |
| Retroactive Inference | Learning new things can make it more difficult to recall things that we already know |
| PORN | Proactive Old | Retroactive New |
| Cone Work in Pairs | Black/White Red/Green Blue/Yellow |
| James | Functionalism |
| Freud | Psychoanalysis |
| Wundt | 1st Lab/ Structuralism |
| "Cats Purrs Imitate Lion's Roars" or "Cows Push Idiots into Little Rooms" | Cornea - Pupil - Iris - Lens - Retina |
| PAEOOCATT or "People Always Enjoy Ordering Our Carne Asada Tasty Tacos" | Pinna - Ear Cannal - Eardrum/Tympanic - Ossicles (Malleus, Incus, Stapes) - Oval Window - Cochlea - Cicila (Hair) - Auditory Nerve - Thalamas - Temporal Lobe |
| Eye Process Steps | 1. Rods/Cones 2. Bipolar 3. Ganglion - turns into optic nerve |
| Outer Ear | Pinna, Auditory/Ear Canal |
| Middle Ear | Eardrum/Tympanic, Ossicles |
| Inner Ear | Oval Window, Cochlea, Cicila (Hair), Auditory Nerve |
| Bottom-Up | Sensory Information |
| Top-Down | Interpretation |
Created by:
RosRae
Popular Psychology sets