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Unit 5: Intelligence
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Intelligence | The ability to: -learn from experience -solve problems -use knowledge to adapt to new situations |
Charles Spearman | believed in the general intelligence (g), a common skill set underlying our intelligence. |
L.L. Thurstone (argued with Spearman) | believed in 7 clusters of primary mental abilities. |
Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences | Studied people with diminished or exceptional abilities. Believed there were a total of 8 intelligences, but we do not excel at all of them. Inter-personal Naturalist Spatial Lingual Bodily-kinetic Intra-personal Logical-reasoning Musical |
Robert Sternberg’s Three Intelligences | 1. Analytical/Conventional; academic problem-solving skills 2. Creative; adapting to novel situations and generating novel ideas 3. Practical; required for everyday tasks |
Emotional Intelligence (EQ) | The ability to perceive, understand, manage and use emotions. |
Cross-sectional | Different age people compared to one another. Results say mental ability declines with age |
Longitudinal | Same people over a life time (cohorts). Results say mental ability remains stable or increases |
Crystalized intelligence | accumulated knowledge (older) |
Fluid intelligence | reasoning speedily and abstractly (younger) |