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Geo ch. 13 (2)
Urban Patterns - Mexico City and Urban Expansion
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Harm deBlij | geographer who created a concentric zone model for Sub-Saharan Africa cities - the inner rings had higher income people and the outer rings were informal/squatter settlements |
| informal settlement | a residential area where housing has been built on land to which the occupants have no legal claim or has not been built to the city's standards for legal buildings |
| Ernest Griffin and Larry Ford | geographers who showed that in Latin America cities, wealthy people push out from the center in a well-defined elite residential sector - form along a narrow spine that contains shops attractive to wealthy people |
| T.G. McGee | made a model of a SE Asian city that superimposes on concentric zones several nodes of squatter settlements and what he called "alien" zones, where foreigners, usually Chinese, live and work |
| Aztecs | founded the precolonial Mexico City |
| Tenochtitlán | the name for the precolonial Mexico City |
| Chapultepec | the hill where Tenochtitlán was founded |
| Lake Texcoco | the island where Tenochtitlán was moved to |
| Great Temple | the node of religious life in Tenochtitlán |
| the Spanish | conquered Tenochtitlán in 1521 after a 2-year siege |
| Zócalo | the main square around which the Spanish built Mexico City, on the site of the Aztecs' sacred precinct in the center of the island |
| Emperor Maximilian | designed a 14-lane, tree-lined boulevard patterned after the Champs-Elysées in Paris (the Paseo de la Reforma) - extended 3 kilometers southwest from the center of Mexico City to Chapultepec and became a center for the wealthy |
| suburb | a residential or commercial area situated within an urban area but outside the central city |
| annexation | the process of legally adding land to a city - was desired in the 19th century but is less desired now |
| special districts | provide services like fire protection, water supply, libraries, and public transport |
| local governments in the US | 90,056 |
| council of governments | a cooperative agency consisting of representatives of the various local governments in the region - most US metropolitan areas have these |
| 2 kinds of council of governments | consolidations of city and county government (ex. Indianapolis and Miami) and federations (ex. Toronto) |
| sprawl | the development of suburbs at relatively low density and at locations that are not contiguous to the existing built-up area |
| density gradient | the density change in an urban area, the number of houses per unit of land diminishes as distance from the center city increases |
| 2 recent density changes | fewer people living in the center and fewer density difference within urban areas - these flatten the density gradient and reduce the extremes of density b/w inner and outer areas |
| green belts | rings of open space built around some British cities |
| smart growth | legislation and regulations to limit suburban growth and preserve farmland |
| commercial segregation | residents are separated from commercial and manufacturing activities that are confined to compact, distinct areas |
| residential segregation | housing in a suburban community is usually built for people of a single social class, with others excluded by virtue of the cost, size, or location of the housing |
| zoning ordinances | a law that limits the permitted uses of land and maximum density of development in a community |
| segmentation | the process of partitioning markets into groups of potential customers with similar needs and characteristics who are likely to exhibit similar purchasing behavior |
| Potential Rating Index by Zip Market (PRIZM) | created by Nielsen Claritas - a person is likely to live near people who are similar |
| John Borchert | geographer who identified 5 epochs of US urban areas from changing transport |
| 5 epochs from changing transport | The Sail-Wagon Epoch, the Iron Horse Epoch, the Steel Rail Epoch, the Auto-Air Amenity Epoch, the Satellite-Electronic-Jet Propulsion Epoch |
| 2 benefits of motor vehicles | comfort, choice, and flexibility; perceived costs - less than public transport fees |
| rush hour | or peak hour - the 4 consecutive 15-minute periods that have the heaviest traffic |
| heavy rail | includes underground subways and elevated trains |
| light rail | includes trams and streetcars |
Created by:
imr36093
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