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SOWK 370 FINAL EXAM
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Organizational layout of the DSM-5 | Section 1 – DSM basics Section 2 – Diagnostic criteria and codes Section 3 – Emerging measures and models Appendix – Glossaries, Codes, major changes from DSM IV |
| What are obsessions? | Recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that are intrusive and unwanted |
| What are compulsions? | Repetitive behaviors/mental acts a person feels driven to do in response to an obsession or rigid rules |
| What is a principal diagnosis? | Condition is the primary focus of treatment Listed first |
| What is a provisional diagnosis? | Specifier used when not enough info is available to make firm diagnosis |
| What are barriers to mental health. care? | Insurance Transportation Embarrassed Word of mouth Don’t know where to start Shortage of mental health professionals Long wait lists Client lacks insight or awareness of the problem Stigma surrounding mental illness |
| Types of Mental Health Professionals | Psychologist Psychiatrist Clinical Social Worker Counselor/Therapist |
| What does a psychologist do? | Psychotherapy, perform psychological testing, diagnose MH disorder |
| Degree requirements for psychologist | PhD, PsyD, or EdD |
| Licensure for psychologist | State Licensure |
| Approach for psychologist | human mind |
| What does a psychiatrist do? | Psychotherapy, prescribe medication (primary function), diagnose MH disorders |
| Degree requirements for psychiatrist | MD or DO |
| Licensure for psychiatrist | State Licensure |
| Approach for psychiatrist | Biological |
| What does a counselor/therapist do? | Psychotherapy, diagnose MH disorders (depends on licensure) |
| Degree requirements for counselor/therapist | Master’s in MH field |
| Additional licensure for counselor/therapist | LPC, LCPC, LSW, LMFT |
| Approach for counselor/therapist | Varies |
| What does a social worker do? | Psychotherapy, diagnose MH disorders, case management |
| Degree requirements for social workers | MSW |
| additional licensure for social workers | LCSW |
| approach for social workers | Systems |
| What is a mental disorder? | a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning. |
| Major NCD | Significant cognitive decline in 1+ cognitive domain Deficits interfere with independence in everyday things |
| Minor NCD | Modest cognitive decline in 1+ cognitive domain Deficits do not interfere with everyday activities |
| Delusions: Persecutory | most common belief one is is going to be harmed, etc (Ex. government is chasing them and is going to attack them) |
| Delusions: Referential | belief that certain gestures, comments are directed at oneself |
| Delusions: Grandiose | belief that one has exceptional abilities, wealth, etc. |
| Delusions: Erotomanic | belief that someone is in love with oneself |
| Delusions: Nihilistic | belief that a major catastrophe will happen |
| Delusions: Somatic | preoccupations about health/organ function |
| Criteria for disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders | Pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness Seen in interactions with at least 1 person who’s not a sibling Symptoms result in distress in individual/those close to him/her OR in impaired functioning |
| Criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder | Presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both Obsessions/compulsions are time-consuming (1+ hour per day) OR cause major distress or impairment in functioning Not due to substance use. medical condition, or other MH disorder |
| Criteria for antisocial personality disorder | Pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others, occurring since age 15 Person has to be at least 18 years old to be diagnosed Evidence of conduct disorder with onset before age 15 |
| Criteria for adjustment disorder | Symptoms develop within 3 months of the onset of an identifiable stressor Symptoms create marked distress and/or significant impairment in functioning Does not meet criteria for another MH disorder Symptoms do not represent normal bereavement |
| Criteria for social anxiety disorder | Fear or anxiety about 3+ social situations where the person is exposed to possible scrutiny by others for at least 6 months Social situations are either avoided or endured with great fear/anxiety Fear/anxiety is out of proportion to the actual threat |
| Criteria for Bipolar 1 | Criteria met for at least one manic episode Manic/depressive episodes are not better explained by a psychotic disorder |
| Criteria for Bipolar 2 | Criteria met for at least 1 hypomanic episode AND at least 1 major depressive episode No manic episodes ever Hypomanic/depressive episodes are not better explained by a psychotic disorder |
| Criteria for body dysmorphic disorder | Preoccupation with 1+ perceived physical defects/flaws that aren't seen or are slightly seen by others Some repetitive behaviors or mental acts in response at some point Causes distress or impairment in functioning |
| Criteria for PTSD | Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence Presence of at least 1 intrusion symptom Persistent avoidance of stimuli (external or internal) associated with event Negative changes in thinking and mood |
| Criteria for conduct disorder | Pattern of behavior that violates basic rights of others or violates major age-appropriate societal norms Behaviors result in significant impairment in functioning Rule out antisocial personality disorder if individual is 18+ years old |
| Criteria for borderline personality disorder | Characterized by unstable moods, behaviors, and relationships seen in these criteria: Pattern of unstable and intense relationships (extremes) Affective instability : seeing quite a range of emotion on the face or body Inappropriate, intense anger |
| GAD vs. typical anxiety | GAD worries are excessive and significantly interfere with functioning GAD worries are more pervasive, distressing, and longer in duration GAD worries more likely to be accompanied by physical symptoms |
| Dementia | Dementia is caused by damage to or loss of nerve cells and their connections in the brain. Depending on the area of the brain that's damaged, dementia can affect people differently and cause different symptoms. |
| Residential facilities | Longer stay High structure Includes substance abuse rehab facilities For those with severe/chronic illnesses |
| Inpatient facilities | Hospital setting Shorter stay (3-10 days) High structure Goal: stabilization |
| Outpatient: PHP (Partial Hospitalization Program) | More flexible– clients come and go 5 days/week 3-4 weeks Structure includes group component |
| Outpatient: IOP (Intensive Outpatient Program) | Less time commitment than PHP Clients come and go Structure includes group component |
| Standard outpatient | Least restrictive Appointment based Clinics, agencies, private practice Weekly, bi-weekly, monthly |
| OCD themes | Cleaning Symmetry (Things like taking the same amount of steps, etc.) Forbidden or taboo thoughts Harm (Not harming oneself, but the fear of one being harmed, etc.) Avoidance of triggers (people, places, things) |
| Avolition | decrease in motivated self-initiated purposeful activities |
| Alogia | decreased speech |
| Anhedonia | decreased ability to experience pleasure |
| Associality | lack of interest in social activities |
| Lability | rapid shifts in mood over brief periods of time |
| Mania | a mental state of elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and persistently increased level of activity or energy |
| Hypomania | an abnormally of mood resembling mania but of lesser intensity |
| Depressivity | feelings of being intensely sad, miserable, and/or hopeless absence of feelings |
| DSM-5 Disorder Layout | Diagnostic criteria, features, prevalence, development/course, risk/prognostic factors, culture related issues, gender related issues, diagnostic markers, differential diagnosis, comorbidity |
| cognitive domains | complex attention, executive function, learning and memory, language, perceptual-motor control, and social cognition |
| complex attention | Sustained attention Divided attention Selective attention Processing speed |
| executive function | Planning Decision-making Working memory Responding to feedback Inhibition Flexibility |
| learning and memory | Free recall Cued recall Recognition memory Semantic and autobiographical long-term memory Implicit learning |
| language | Object naming Word finding Fluency Grammar and syntax Receptive language |
| perceptual-motor control | Visual perception Visuoconstructional reasoning Perceptual-motor coordination |
| social cognition | Recognition of emotions Theory of mind Insight |
Created by:
courtspencer
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