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Final exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cerebal Cortex | The Wrinkled outer portion of the forebrain. Which is the largest part of the brain It contains the most sophisticated brain center and is divided into 2 hemispheres |
| Corpus Callosum | This bundle of axons and it connects thee left and right cerebral hemispheres of the brain and allows them to communicate. |
| Lateralisation | the concept that each hemisphere of the brain is associated with specialized functions |
| CT Scan | Involves x-rays and creates an image through x-rays passing through varied densities within the brain |
| Pet Scan | Involves injecting individuals with a radioactive substance and monitoring changes in blood flow to different regions of the brain |
| MRI | Magnetic feild used to produce a structural image of the brain and a picture of the tissue being imaged |
| fMRI | MRI that shows changes in metabolic activity over time |
| Motivation | The want or need that direct by behavior towards a goal |
| Self-efficacy | an individual belief in her own capability to complete a task |
| Need of achievment | drive accomplishment and performance |
| Need for affiliation | Encourage positive interactions with others |
| Need for intamacy | Cause us to seek deep, meaningful relationships |
| Control group | Participant that doesn't experience that manipulated variable |
| Experimental group | The participants that experience manipulated variable |
| Anxiety disorder | Characterized by excessive and persistent fear and anxiety and by related to disturbance in behavior |
| Anxiety | apprehension, avoidance, and cautiousness regarding apotential threat, danger, or other negative content |
| Fear | a instanceous reaction to an imminent threat |
| Reuptake | involves moving a neurotransmitter from the synapes back into the axons terminal from which it was released |
| Single-blind study | an experiment in which the researcher knows which participants are in the experimental group and which are in control group |
| Participant bias | Participant expectations skew the result of the study |
| Experimenter Bias | researcher expectations skew influence the result of the study |
| Social Psychology | studies how individuals interact and relate with others and how such interactions can affect behavior. This includes how we explain our own and others behaviors |
| Personality psychology | focuses on behaviors and thought patterns that are unique to each individual |
| Developmental psychology | cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behaviors across the lifespan |
| cognitive psychology | Focuses on cognition and thoughts and their relationships to our experiences and our actions |
| Sensation and perception | focuses on both psychological and psychological aspects of sensory system |
| Biopsychology | Studies how the structure and functions of the nervous system generate behavior |
| humanism | emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans; as long as an individual receives positive regard, they can reach self-actualization |
| Behaviorism | individual receives positive regard, they can reach self-actualization Focuses on observable behaviors and ways to bring that behavior under control |
| Gesatt Pschology | Focsues on humans as a whole rather than individual parts |
| psychoanalytic/ psychodynamic Theory | Focuses on the role of a person's early childhood experience and unconscious processes and thoughts in affecting conscious behavior |
| Functionalism | Focused on how mental activities helped an organism adapt to its environment and survive |
| Structuralism | Understanding the conscious experience though introspection of its structural parts |
| Psychology | Scientific study of the brain |
| Diagnoses | approprietly identifying and labeling a set of defined symptoms |
| Psychological Disorder | a condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors |
| psychopathology | study of psychological disorders, including symptoms, etiology (cause), and treatment |
| Emotions | A subjective state of being what we often use to describe our feelings |
| Hypothesis | tentative and testable statement about the relationship between 2 or more variables. Remains tentative until adequately tested. |
| Forensic psychology | deal with the justice system, including jury selection and witness preparation |
| sport/excersies psycholgoy | focuses on psychological aspects regarding sports and physical performance |
| Observer bias | When observations may be skewed to align with observer expectations |
| Double-blind study | experiment in which both the researcher and the participants are blind to group assignment |
| Indepent Variable | The variable that is influenced/controlled by the experimenter. Ideally, this should be the only important difference between the experimental and control group |
| Depentent Variable | Variable that the researcher measures to see how much effects the independent variable had |
| Participants | Subjects of psychological research |
| sample | subject of individuals selected frrom the larger population |
| population | overall group of individuals that the researvher is interested in. |
| Random sample | subject of a larger population in which every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected |
| Random assingment | method or experimental group assignment in which all participants have an equal chance of bringing assigned to the experimental or control group |
| peer-reveiwed journal article | the article read by several mother scientists with expertise in the subject matter. who provides feedback regarding the quality of the manuscript before it is accepted for publication |
| informed consent | process of imforming a research participant about what to expect during an experiment and then obtaining the persons consent to participant |
| deception | purposely misleading experiment participants in order to maintain the integarty of the experimen |
| The nervous system | an extensive network of spetialized cells, called neurons, that carry info o and from all parts of the body. |
| Neurons | the basic units of the nervous system; responsible for conduction nerve impulse needed for tasks associated with the nervous system. |
| Axon | Conduct the electrical signals that help neurons communicate. |
| Synape | The space between the terminal button of one neuron and the dendrite or another neuron. The synape id where the neurotransmitters/chemical messages travel. |
| industrial-orgination psychology | applies psychological theories and principles with to industrial and organization settings |
| evolutionary psychology | theorized that the mind is shaped by the pressure to survive and reproduce; emotions, communication skills, and language ability are adaptations that enabled |
| Clinical | focueses on diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and problematic patterns in behavior |
| health psychology | focuses on how health is directly related or affected by biological and psychological and sociocultural influence |
| sociocultural psychology | examines the role that society, culture, gender, and environment play in influencing human behaviors |
| situationism | the view that our behavior and actions are determined by external factors such as our immediate environment and surroundings |
| dispositionism | the view that our behavior is determinded by internal factors (attribute of a person such as personality traits and temperment( |
| social role | a patteren of behavior that is expected of a person in a given setting or group |
| social norm | a group's expectation of what is appropriate and acceptable behavior for its members |
| script | a persons knowledge about the sequence of events expected in specific settings. |
| attitude | our evaluation of a person. an idea. or an object |
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