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Psych Unit 7

Language

QuestionAnswer
Language Our spoken, written, or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning.
Phonemes In a language, the smallest distinctive sound unit.
Morphemes In a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or part of a word (such as a prefix).
Grammar In a language, a system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others.
Sematics Is the set of rules for deriving meaning from sounds.
Syntax Is the set of rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences.
Babbling Stage Beginning at about 4 months, the stage of speech development in which the infant spontaneously utters various sounds at first unrelated to the household language.
One-word Stage The stage in speech development, from about age 1 to 2, during which a child speaks mostly in single words.
Two-word Stage Beginning about age 2, the stage in speech development during which a child speaks mostly in two-word statements.
Telegraphic Speech Early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram -- "go car" --using mostly nouns and verbs.
Aphasia Impairment of language, usually caused by left-hemisphere damage either to Broca's area (impairing speaking) or to Wernicke's area (impairing understanding).
Broca's Area Controls language expression -- an area of the frontal lobe, usually in the left hemisphere, that directs the muscle movements involved in speech.
Wernicke's Area Controls language reception -- a brain area involved in language comprehension and expression; usually in the left temporal lobe.
Linguistic Determinism Whorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think (extreme view).
Created by: emag
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