Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 12
Social Psychology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| social psychology | the study of the causes and consequences of sociality |
| aggression | behavior whose purpose is to harm another |
| frustration-aggression hypothesis | a principle stating that animals aggress only when their goals are thwarted |
| cooperation | behavior by two or more individuals that leads to mutual benefit |
| group | a collection of people who have something in common that distinguishes them from others |
| prejudice | a positive or negative evaluation of another person based on that person’s group membership |
| discrimination | positive or negative behavior toward another person based on that person’s group membership |
| deindividuation | a phenomenon that occurs when immersion in a group causes people to become less aware of their individual values |
| diffusion of responsibility | the tendency for individuals to feel diminished responsibility for their actions when they are surrounded by others who are acting the same way |
| altruism | behavior that benefits another without benefiting oneself |
| kin selection | the process by which evolu- tion selects for individuals who cooperate their relatives |
| reciprocal altruism | behavior that benefits another with the expectation that those benefits will be returned in the future |
| passionate love | an experience involving feelings of euphoria, intimacy, and intense sexual attraction |
| companionate love | an experience involving affection, trust, and concern for a partner’s well-being |
| social exchange | the hypothesis that people remain in relationships only as long as they perceive a favorable ratio of costs to benefits |
| social influence | the ability to control another person’s behavior |
| norm | a customary standard for behavior that is widely shared by members of a culture |
| normative influence | a phenomenon that occurs when another person’s behav- ior provides information about what is appropriate |
| norm of reciprocity | the unwritten rule that people should benefit those who have benefited them |
| door-in-the-face technique | a strategy that uses reciprocating concessions to influ- ence behavior |
| conformity | the tendency to do what oth- ers do simply because others are doing it |
| obedience | the tendency to do what pow- erful people tell us to do |
| attitude | an enduring positive or negative evaluation of an object or event |
| belief | an enduring piece of knowledge about an object or event |
| informational influence | a phenomenon that occurs when a person’s behavior provides information about what is good or right |
| persuasion | a phenomenon that occurs when a person’s attitudes or beliefs are influenced by a communication from another person |
| systematic persuasion | the process by which attitudes or beliefs are changed by appeals to reason |
| heuristic persuasion | the process by which attitudes or beliefs are changed by appeals to habit or emotion |
| foot-in-the-door technique | a technique that involves a small request followed by a larger request |
| cognitive dissonance | an unpleasant state that arises when a person recognizes the inconsistency of his or her actions, attitudes, or beliefs |
| social cognition | the processes by which people come to understand others |
| stereotyping | the process by which people draw inferences about others based on their knowledge of the categories to which others belong |
| attribution | an inference about the cause of a person’s behavior |
| correspondence bias | the tendency to make a dispositional attribution even when a person’s behavior was caused by the situation |
| actor-observer effect | the tendency to make situational attributions for our own behaviors while making dispositional attributions for the identical behavior of others |
Created by:
honeymilk
Popular Psychology sets