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Poisons

DrugSymptoms Antidote Brand Antidote Notes
Acetaminophen Unintentional Ingestion 1. Chronic Overdose- APAP in many products 2. Assume safe & more better Adults no more than 3g/day Fatal if untreated; Main Toxicity to Liver; don't occur for 2-3 days after N/V, abdominal pain n-acetylcysteine Mucomyst -Give w/in 8h of exposure (upto 36h) most effective -Requires 3 days treatment -Very difficult tolerate - Nausea -Need very aggressive anti-emetics
Narcotics - Decrease blood pressure - constricted pupils - drowsiness & coma - Respiratory Depression - decreased breathing -> death Naloxone Narcan •reverse toxicity; binds opioid receptors as agonist •requires frequent dosing, 1/2 life shorter than narcotics •Opiod w/drawal occurs in dependent pts
Digoxin •Life threatening - narrow therapeutic window •Elderly & Intentional Ingestion - Visual changes - Vomiting - arrhythmias - hyperkalemia (incr potassium) Digibind Digoxin Immune Fab Binds to digoxin in blood to form inactive complex
Benzodiazepines Similar to Narcotics symptoms Flumazenil Romazicon - binds to benzodiazepines receptors - Caution! Can cause seizures - Maybe useful w/ benzo-like sleep agents: Ambien; Sonata - Again - Caution! Dependent Pts & those w/ hx of seizures
Iron Common pediatric poison - has decreased since mandatory unit dose (blister packaging) -Initial: transient vomiting, diarrhea, then CNS & Cardiovascular problems, bloody vomit & diarrhea -After Few Days: Liver failure -After Few Weeks: GI obstruction & scarring Deferoxamine Desferal Binds to iron to become inactive complex excreted in urine *Most kids don't need Iron supplements
Potassium -due to kidney disease, aldosterone imbalance, or medications Arrhythmias, bradycardia, & weakness Kayexalate Oral or enema
Created by: Adriannld
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