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Lang Argumentation
Rhetorical strategies and basics of argumentation
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| extended metaphor | extends over multiple lines/paragraphs/stanzas |
| imagery | visually descriptive/figurative language |
| inversion | reversal of the normal order of words (found in questions) |
| irony (verbal) | statement where the speaker's words are incongruous with their intent |
| metaphor | figure of speech where a word/phrase is symbolic os something else |
| metonymy | figure of speech where the name of an object/concept is replaced with a closely related word |
| oxymoron | figure of speech where contradictory terms appear together |
| paradox | a statement/proposition that seems self-contradictory/absurd but expresses a possible truth |
| parody | an imitation of the style/manner of a writer/genre comically |
| pedantic | a person who's overly concerned with minor details and rules in the presentation/use of knowledge |
| periodic sentence | sentence where the main point occurs at the end, with side points leading up to it |
| pun | words with similar sounds but different meanings, play on words |
| repetition | repeating something that has already been written |
| satire | the use of humor/irony/exaggeration/ridicule to expose/criticize people's stupidity/vices |
| simile | figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another different thing |
| synecdoche | figure of speech where a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa |
| syntax | the arrangement of words/phrases to create well-formed sentences |
| understatement | the presentation of something as being smaller/worse/less important than it is |
| Toulmin argument | includes: claim, grounds/evidence, warrant, backing, rebuttal, qualifier |
| claim | statement/assertion the writer hopes to prove, types: fact, value, policy |
| grounds/evidence | foundation that proves the claim |
| warrant | logical and persuasive connection between a claim and evidence |
| backing | the evidence supporting the warrant |
| rebuttal | addressing potential objections/alternative viewpoints, contains a concession and refutation |
| qualifier | word/phrase that places limits on claim |
| Rogerian argument | includes: introduction, summary of opposing views, statement of understanding, statement of your position, statement of contexts, statement of benefits |
| refutation | addressing/countering the concession to prove your point |
| concession | admitting of a point from the opposition/acknowledgement |
| induction | conclusion followed by reasons |
| deduction | reasons followed by conclusion |