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Chapter 13

Measuring and Weather Forecasting

QuestionAnswer
what is weather Weather is the state of the atmosphere at any given time.
what type of weather can there be Weather can be hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy.
what do weather stations use to measure weather Weather stations use equipment and instruments to measure and observe the weather.
how many weather stations are there in Ireland 25
what do weather stations gather data on They gather data on: Atmospheric pressure Temperature Precipitation Wind direction and speed Humidity Sunshine
what is atmospheric pressure Atmospheric pressure is the weight of the atmosphere pushing down on the earth.
what is Atmospheric pressure measured by and what are the Units It is measured in units called millibars (mb) by an instrument called a barometer.
how is Atmospheric pressure displayed on a weather map The lines used on a weather map to display atmospheric pressure are called isobars.
what does 'H' and 'L' stand for ‘H’ is used to show areas of high atmospheric pressure. ‘L’ is used to show areas of low atmospheric pressure.
what units is temperature measured in and what instrument do you use to measure it Temperature is measured in degrees Celsius/Centigrade (°C) using an instrument called a thermometer.
what type of thermometer is used in weather stations A maximum and minimum thermometer is used in weather stations.
how is the average temperature for an area displayed on a weather map On a weather map, average (mean) temperature for an area is displayed in the form of a number.
what is precipitation Rain, Hail, Sleet, Snow
What is used to measure precipitation and what units are used A rain gauge is used to measure precipitation, in liquid form, in millimetres.
what does a rain gauge consist of and where is it Normally situated It consists of an outer cylinder that directs water into a measuring cylinder. It is partially buried in the ground in an open space away from buildings or trees.
How is rain displayed on a weather map Rain on a weather map is displayed as different shades of blue.
what do the different shades of blue mean The lighter the shade of blue, the less rainfall a particular area will experience. The darker the shade of blue, the more rainfall is expected.
what are the three types of clouds Cirrus Clouds Cumulus Clouds Stratus Clouds
Describe Cirrus Clouds are high clouds that form above 8000 m. They are thin and wispy.
Describe Cumulus Clouds form below 5000 m. The base of each cloud is flat and the top of each cloud is rounded.
Describe Stratus Clouds are usually low clouds that form below 2000 m. They are large, thick, heavy-looking grey clouds that fill the sky.
what is used to indicate the direction of wind A wind vane is used to indicate the direction of wind.
what do you use to measure the speed or strength of wind and what units are used The speed or strength of wind is measured using an anemometer in units of kilometres per hour (km/h).
what does a wind vane look like and work free moving arrow on a high mast, the tail of the arrow is wide and blown forward by the wind. this allows the arrow to point in the direction from which the wind is blowing
how does an anemometer work three cups rotate when the wind blows, the stronger the wind the faster they move. the number of times the cup rotates is used to calculate wind speed. it is recorded and displayed on the meter.
what unit is speed recorded in Km squared
what does the Beaufort scale measure wind force
what the scale for the Beaufort scale 0-12
what is humidity Humidity is the amount of water vapour in the air.
what is used to measure humidity a hygrometer
what does a hygrometer measure A hygrometer is used to measure relative humidity.
what is used to store instruments Stevenson Screen
what is used to measure sunshine a Campbell Stokes Recorder
Created by: JMahango
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