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Phys. Sci. C8
Physical Science Chapter 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| in physics ( ) is done only when a ( ) causes a change in the motion of an object | work, force |
| work or not work:push a car and the car doesnt move | not work |
| roll a ball across floor | work |
| put book on shelf | work |
| the equation for work is | work in J= Force in N x distance in m. |
| J is for | joules |
| this unit is a Nm or a joule | newton meter |
| ( ) is a measure of how fast ( ) is done | power, work |
| power equation is | power in watts= work in J/time in s |
| power is measured in... | watts |
| the unit is w or watt= | 1w=1J/s |
| machines ( ) ( ) change the amount of ( ) done | do not, work |
| they make work ( ) | easier |
| work input= | work output from a machine |
| machines can ( ) the ( ) of force needed | change, size |
| example: we move the handle of a car jack a large distance, the car moce up a little distance but the jack multiplies our force. we pay for the larger force with an increase in distance that we must move the handle | **Dont forget to look in notes for equations, examples, and practice problems!** |
| machines can ( ) the ( ) of the force. | change, direction |
| machines can Change the ( ) over which a force acts | distance |
| it is one of ( ) basic types of helpers for work | 6 |
| name them | levers, pulleys, wheels and axles, invlined planes, wedges, and screws |
| a ramp is a what... | inclined plane |
| what are the parts of a lever | arm-long sturdy partfulcrum- a pivot point or turning point |
| a first class lever has the ( ) in the middle and ( ) force on one end and ( ) force on the other end. | fulcrum, input, output |
| *** look at drawings of 1st-3rd class levers *** | |
| a second class lever has the ( ) at one end and ( ) force at one end. the ( ) force is in the ( ). ex.wheelbarrow | fulcrum, input, output, middle |
| third class levers have the ( ) at one end and ( ) force nearby. the ( ) force is all the way at the other end. ex. human arm and hand. | fulcrum, input, output |
| the pulley is a modified ( ) | lever |
| a ( ) that moves in a complete ( ) around the fulcrum | lever, circle |
| many ( ) together is called a Block and tackle | pulleys |
| a ramp is a simple ... | inclined plane |
| the input ( ) and ( ) is the gentle slope of the ramp. the output force and ( ) is the ( ) up out of earth part | force, distance, distance, straight |
| turns input force in 2 directions from one direction of input | a wedge |
| is an inclined plane wrapped around a pole.ex. spiral staircase | a screw |
| what is a compound machine? | a machine that combines 2 or more simple machines |
| scissors are made up of... | 2 levers |
| remember that ( ) input= | work, output force |
| machines can not make ( ) work | less |
| machines multiply ( ) or distance | forces |
| this is.... | mechanical advantage |
| mechanical advantage has no ... | units!!! |
| it just has a ... | number |
| the ability to do work. it can be measured in joules | energy |
| stored energy resulting from the position of an object | potential energy |
| examples: | a) a book on shelf(it can fall)b) a stretched rubber band(it can recoil)c) a battery(it can produce electric current)d) fire wood(it can be burned to release heat and light energy) |
| gravitaional potential energy= | mass in kg x acceleration x height in m |
| gravitational energy is always in | joules (J) |
| energy in motion | kinetic energy |
| kinetic energy= | 0.5 x mass in kg x (speed)^2 |
| all potential and kinetic energy in a system | mechanical energy |
| energy in bonds between atoms | chemical energy |
| energy from sun | solar energy |
| electrical energy | energy from flow of electrons |
| do machines change energy for us? | no, they just help us with tasks such as lifting things (car jack) |
| energy can ( ) from one kind to another | change |
| engery transformations ( ) ( ) of moving objects | explain paths |
| energy can not be... | created |
| energy can not be... | destroyed |
| it is simply changed into less usable ( ) | forms |
| energy ( ) disappears | never |
| not all work done by a machine is ( ) | usable |
| some is spent to work against ( ) | friction |
| some turns into ( ) | heat |
| some turns into ( ) | sound |
| answer is in ( ) | percent |
| the answer is never over ( )% | 100 |
Created by:
darrl
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