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Intro Psych
Chapter 6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The ability to store and retrieve information over time | Memory |
| Process by which we transform what we perceive, think or feel into an enduring memory | Encoding |
| The process of maintaining information in memory over time | Storage |
| Process of bringing to mind information that has previously been encoded and stored | Retrieval |
| Process of actively relating new information in a meaningful way to knowledge that is already in memory | Sematic Encoding |
| Storing new information by converting it to mental pictures | Visual Imagery Encoding |
| Categorizing information according to relationships among series of items | Organizational Encoding |
| Storage that holds sensory information for a few seconds or less | Sensory Storage |
| Fast-decaying storage of visual information | Iconic Memory |
| Fast-decaying storage of auditory information | Echoic Memory |
| Storage that holds non-sensory information for more than a few seconds but less than a minute | Short Term Memory |
| Keeping information in short term memory (STM) by mentally repeating it | Rehearsal |
| Combining small pieces of information into larger clusters that are easier to hold in STM | Chunking |
| Short term memory storage that actively maintains information | Working Memory |
| Automatically combines separate items into integrated whole | Episodic buffer |
| Holds information for hours, days, weeks, or years; has no known capacity limits | Long Term Memory |
| inability to transfer new information from the short term storage to long term storage | Anterograde Amnesia |
| Inability to retrieve information that was acquired before a particular date, usually the date of an injury or operation | Retrograde Amnesia |
| Process by which memory becomes static in brain | Consolidation |
| Memories can become vulnerable to disruption when they are recalled and requiring them to become consolidated again | Reconsolidation |
| Retrieving information that is not currently in conscious awareness (STM) but that was learned in an earlier time | Recall |
| Identifying information previously learned | Recognition |
| Learning something more quickly and smoothly when you learn it at a later time (studying) | Relearning |
| External information associated with stored information that helps bring that information to mind (movie names to actor) | Retrieval Cues |
| Past experiences consciously or intentionally retrieved | Explicit Memory |
| Influence of past experiences on later behavior; even without an effort to remember them or an awareness of the recollection (riding a bike) | Implicit Memory |
| Providing enhanced ability to think of a stimulus as a result of a recent exposure to the stimulus | Priming |
| Network of associated facts and concepts that make up our general knowledge of the world | Semantic Memory |
| Collection of past personal experiences that occurred at a particular time and place | Episodic Memory |
| Forgetting what occurs with the passage of time, rapid forgetting | Transience |
| Lapse in attention that results in memory failure | Absentmindedness |
| Failure to retrieve information that is available in memory, even though you are trying to produce it | Blocking |
| Assigning a recollection of idea to the wrong source | Memory Misattribution |
| Tendency to incorporate misleading information from external sources into personal recollections | Suggstibility |
| Distorting influences of present knowledge,beliefs, and feelings on recollection of previous experiences | Bias |
| Intrusive recollection of events that we wish to forget | Persistence |
| Detailed recollections of when and where we heard about shocking events | Flashbulb Memories |
Created by:
Ngj
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