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Pharm test two
GI GU womens health, endocrine, psych
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| G vasopressin B Pitressin | Posterior pituitary hormone (ADH); for ADH replacement, tx of diabetes insipidus (& its related fluid loss) SE: vasoconstriction effects; possible water intoxication w/H/A, seizures if excessive anti-diuretic effect causes excessive fluid retention |
| G somatropin (human GH) B Humatrope | Anterior pituitary growth hormone For growth hormone replacement therapy (in child or adult) SE: hypersensitivity; hyperglycemia, insulin resistance |
| G levothyroxine B Synthroid 778 | Synthetic thyroid hormone , for tx of hypothyroidism; tx is usually lifelong, also tx of goiter Best taken before breakfast; takes a few wks for therapeutic effects SE: wt loss, diarrhea, H/A, nervousness, hypertension, tachycardia |
| G propylthiouracil (PTU) B | Anti-thyroid agent; inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis; for tx of hyper-thyroidism May be used prior to thyroidectomy SE: rash, N&V, diarrhea; agranulocytosis (rare); hypothyroidism |
| G strong potassium iodine solution B Lugol’s solution | Anti-thyroid agent; used in prepara- tion for thryoidectomy, causes thyroid vascularity,thyroid activity Dilute in juice or water before adm; adm after meals SE: H/A, metallic taste, burning sen-sation in mouth; can stain teeth so use straw |
| G calcitriol B Rocaltrol 781 | Vit D analogue, promotes Ca+ absorption, Ca+ bld levels; for management of hypocalcemia For tx of hypoparathyroidism SE: hyper-sensitivity; excessive dosing can cause hyper-calcemia w/weakness, abd pain |
| G hydrocortisone B Cortef, Solu-Cortef | Glucocorticosteroid w/some mineralcorticoid activity For tx of adrenal insufficiency, including Addison’s disease (also anti-inflammatory in lg doses) SE: none in replacement low doses |
| G fludrocortisone B Florinef | Mineral corticosteroid w/some glucocorticoid activity For tx of hypoaldosteronism w/ related Na+ and water loss and K+ retention SE: edema, hypertension |
| G metformin B Glucophage | Oral hypoglycemic/ antidiabetic; biguanide Decreases hepatic glucose production from stored glycogen, increases glucose uptake by muscles SE: appetite, diarrhea; lactic acidosis (rare) |
| G repaglinide B Prandin | Oral hypoglycemic/ antidiabetic; meglitinide Promotes insulin secretion by pancreas; take 15-30 min ac SE: hypoglycemia |
| G lispro B Humalog | (Very) rapid-acting insulin, short duration SubQ; give 5-10 min before meals SE: hyper-sensitivity; hypoglycemia; lipodystrophy |
| G regular insulin B Humulin R | Short-acting (slower than rapid acting) insulin, short durationSubQ, give within 30 min of meals; available in IV (only type in this form), inhalation SE: hypersensitivity; hypoglycemia; lipodystrophy |
| G NPH insulin B Humulin N | Intermediate acting insulin, intermediate duration; for control between meals, overnight SubQ give twice daily (ac breakfast and ac supper); gently agitate vial before use SE: hypersensitivity; hypoglycemia; lipodystrophy |
| G glargine insulin B Lantus | Long duration, steady release w/no peak SubQ give once daily at same time; do not mix w/other insulins SE: hyper-sensitivity; hypoglycemia; lipodystrophy |
| G glucagon B | Pancreatic hormone, raises blood glucose levels Increases hepatic glucose production from stored glycogen; for subQ, IM, or IV use; for tx of insulin overdose, acute hypoglycemia |
| G terbutaline B Brethine | Uterine relaxant (tocolytic); beta adrenergic agonist; also anti-asthmatic (bronchodilator effect) Acts on uterine smooth muscle SE: weakness; can tachycardia in mother & infant, systolic & diastolic B/P |
| G magnesium sulfate B | Uterine relaxant (tocolytic); anti-convulsant r/t eclampsia Ca+ antagonist, CNS depressant; tx of choice to suppress pre-term labor SE: bld levels can lethargy, muscle weakness, resp |
| G dinoprostone B Cervidil | Prostaglandin; used for cervical ripening before inducing labor SE: allergic react, H/A, N&V, hypotension |
| G oxytocin B Pitocin 849 | Uterine stimulant (oxytocic) for induction of labor Increases intracellular Ca+ in uterine smooth muscle SE: N&V, cardiac dysrhythmias, BP; fetal bradycardia; poss uterine hyperstimulation |
| G methylergonovin B Methergine | Uterine stimulant (oxytocic); used in tx of postpartum bleeding Avoid use in pt w/ hypertension SE: N&V, dizziness, H/A, BP |
| G ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone B Ovcon 35 | Oral contraceptive; contain both estrogen & progesterone SE: risk of thromboembolic disorders esp, if hypertensive, if smoker; risk of breast, ovarian, uterine CAs |
| G medroxyprogesterone B Depo-Provera | Injectable contraceptive Every 3 month dosing; given IM SE: rash, acne, irregular menstrual periods |
| G estradiol B Estrace | Estrogen; used in hormone replacement thpy (HRT) and to treat hormone-sensitive tumors In menopausal HRT, progestin added to estro-gen to counteract hyperplasia effect on endo-metrium SE: N&V, risk of blood clots, some cancers |
| G alendronate sodium B Fosamax | Bone resorption inhibitor, calcium regulator used in tx of osteoporosis Take med on empty stomach w/full glass of water, no food for 30 min to promote absorption. SE: esophagitis. |
| G colmiphene B Clomid | Ovulation stimulant may multiple births SE: nausea, abd bloating; breast engorgement, hot flashes |
| G HPV vaccine B Gardasil | Immunizing agent against HPV, leading cause of cervical CA Do not give in presence of acute febrile condition SE: hypersensitivity |
| G meperidine B Demerol | Opioid analgesic, may be used for pain management during labor Not for prolonged use (2 days +) because metabolite normeperidine can accumulate and cause risk of seizures |
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