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Assertiveness
Investigating assertiveness CW
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| "To assert" | comes from English "____"- to insist |
| phenomenon assertiveness | is used to characterize adaptive personality traits |
| People with assertive behavior | have more adequate level of self- esteem, can cope with stress more successfully, are more successful in life in general. |
| Shiltsova (2012) | a consequence of learning, the acquired reaction of success to a social stimulus. |
| assertive person | freely expresses their feelings and thoughts |
| Nikitin and Kharlamenkova (2000) | "self-affirmation through constructive activity" |
| May and Ulrich (2009) | the ability of an individual to make demands and requests when interacting with the social environment and to achieve their implementation. |
| Lange and Jakubowski (1976) | connection between the notions of "assertiveness" and "spontaneity", "adequacy", "perseverance." |
| Grigorievskaya (1994) | a multi- component quality of the individual, including openness to learning about oneself and others |
| Petrovsky and Yaroshevsky (1996) | a person's ability to defend one's rights and achieve one's goals confidently and with dignity, without hurting oneself and others, without violating the rights of other people. |
| Kapponi and Novak (1995) and Salter (2002) | a personal trait which can be defined as autonomy, independence from external influences and assessments, the ability to independently regulate one's own behavior. |
| Confident people | are able to express their feelings sincerely and without aggression. |
| Lebedeva (2014) | focused on only one's own needs and interests |
| Stepanov (2006) | the ability to tactfully and politely defend one's own opinion, accept and provide feedback also, to act decisively when goals are achieved |
| Romek (2003) | viewed as a constant social and psychological characteristic of a person whose basic trait is self- confidence |
| Bandura (1986) | assertive means being self- initiating and self- regulating. |
| Pfeiffer (1998) | a confident type of person who - is free in their self- disclosure - easily communicates at all levels - has an active orientation and active life |
| Sheinov (2014) | individuals with high assertiveness are better protected against emotional problems, suffer more rarely from fears compared to individuals with low assertiveness. |
| non- assertiveness | manipulation, where manipulator violates the rights of others. |
| Wolpe (1958) | argues that a high level of anxiety is indicative of the lack of formation of assertiveness. |
| theoretical analysis | includes cognitive, affective and behavioral components. |
| Stein and book (2011) | 3 components: ability to express feelings, the ability to openly express beliefs and thoughts, the ability to protect one's personal rights. |
| From the cognitive perspective | assertiveness is defined as the absence of anxious thoughts. |
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