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Unit 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Several hundred | the number of different ethnic groups found throughout Africa |
| Franco-Prussian War | this event forced the French to remove its troops from protecting the pope's territory and allowed the Papal States to unify with the other Italian states |
| Disease and rivers that were hard to navigate | reasons which made it difficult for the Europeans to successfully move into interior (inland) Africa |
| Cavour | prime minister of the Piedmont region who advocated for Italian unification |
| Pope | strongly opposed Italian unification |
| Garibaldi | Italian general whose conquest of Sicily and Naples led to the formation of a unified Italian state |
| Congress of Vienna | opposed Italian unification |
| Mazzini | formed the Young Italy society which rallied for Italian unification; his writings said that a popular uprising was necessary to unify the Italian states |
| Austria-Hungary, Prussia and the Ottoman Empire | these countries stepped in to stop unification movements and uprisings in Italy |
| Carbonari | A secret revolutionary society working to unify Italy |
| French Revolution | this event spurred a spirit of nationalism in the people throughout Europe |
| nationalism | belief that each ethnic group is entitled to its own government |
| balance of power | a system in which the major powers of Europe were roughly equal in military strength |
| reactionary | how to classify the Congress of Vienna on the political spectrum |
| Metternich | Austrian foreign minister who led the Congress of Vienna |
| Restore the Old Order, redraw the boundaries of Europe, and reinstall monarchs that /Napoleon had removed | goals of the Congress of Vienna |
| Congress of Vienna | the meeting of European rulers following the defeat of Napoleon |
| Shaka | leader of the militarily strong Zulu people of Southern Africa who were defeated by the British |
| Liberia and Ethiopia | two areas of Africa that Europeans were not able to colonize |
| African leaders | a group of people who were not invited to the Congress of Vienna |
| Berlin Conference | Meeting of 14 European nations in 1884-85 to determine rules for dividing Africa |
| Scramble for Africa | Term given for the rapid invasion of Africa by the various European powers |
| Maxim machine gun, technological superiority, and the African's lack of nationalistic unity | European advantages over the Africans |
| economic markets, more territory, and national pride | driving motivations behind European imperialism |
| Social Darwinism | The application of ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies - particularly as a justification for their imperialist expansion. The fittest societies enjoyed wealth and were superior to other societies |
| steam powered ships | an invention that helped Europeans move into the interior of Africa |
| White Man's Burden | idea that many European countries had a duty to spread their religion and culture to those "lss civilized" areas of the world |
Created by:
lylpun
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