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Bio205 Chapter 7 D
Bio205 Chapter 7 Definitions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A substance capable of killing microorganisms | Biocide/Germicide |
| A treatment capable of inhibitingn bacterial growth | Bacteriostasis |
| The presence of a toxin or pathogenic organism in blood and tissue | Sepsis |
| The absence of contamination by unwanted organisms | Asepsis |
| The temperature required to kill all the bacteria in a liquid culture in 10 minutes | Thermal Death Point |
| The length of time required to kill all bacteria in a liquid culture at a given temperature | Thermal Death Time |
| The time (in minutes) required to kill 90% of a bacterial population at a given temperature; also called D value | Decimal Reduction Time |
| Equipment for steralization by steam under pressure, usually operated at 15psi and 121C | Autoclave |
| The process of mild heating to kill particular spoilage microorganisms or pathogens | Pasteurization |
| Heat resistant | Thermoduric |
| Pasteurizing at 72C for 15 seconds | High Temperature Short-Time pasteurization |
| A method of treating food with high temperatures 140-150C for very short times to make the food sterile so that it can be stored at room temperature | Ultra-High Temperature |
| Different methods that have the same effect on controlling microbial growth | Equivalent Treatments |
| The process of sterilizing an inoculating loop by holding it in an open flame | Flaming |
| Sterilization by the use of an oven at 170C for approx. 2 hours | Hot-Air Sterilization |
| A screenlike material that removes particles larger than 0.3um from air | High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) Filters |
| A screenlike material with pores small enough to retain microorganism; a 0.45um filter retains most bacteria | Membrane Filters |
| The removal of water | Desiccation |
| High-energy radiation with a wavelength less than 1nm; causes ionization. Xrays and gamma rays are examples | Ionizing Radiation |
| Short-wavelength radiation that does not cause ionization (UV) | Nonionizing Radiation |
| Electromagnetic radiation | Microwaves |
| A method of determining the effectiveness of a disinfectant using serial dilutions | Use-Dilution Test |
| An agar-diffusion test to determine microbial ssceptibility to chemotherapeutic agets; also called Kirby-Bauer | Disk-Diffusion Method |
| Phenol | |
| Phenolics | |
| Bisphenols | |
| Halogens | |
| Iodophor | |
| Alcohols | |
| Oligodynamic Action | |
| Surfactants/Surface-Active Agents | |
| Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (Quats) | |
| Nitrosamines | |
| Aldehydes | |
| Plasma | |
| Peroxygens |
Created by:
rewasson