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Chapter 10 AP Psych
Schnurr
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Intelligence | the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations |
| General Intelligence (g) | according to Spearman and others, underlies all mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test |
| Fluid Intelligence (Gf) | our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease with age, especially during late adulthood |
| Crystallized Intelligence (Gc) | our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age |
| Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) Theory | the theory that our intelligence is based on "g" as well as specific abilities, bridged by "Gf" and "Gc" |
| Savant Syndrome | a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing |
| Emotional Intelligence | the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions |
| Intelligence Test | a method for assessing an individual's mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores |
| Achievement Test | a test designed to assess what a person has learned |
| Aptitude Test | a test designed to predict a person's future performance; tests a person's capacity to learn |
| Mental Age | a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the level of performance typically associated with children of a certain chronological age |
| Intelligence Quotient (IQ) | defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100 (ma/ca x 100) |
| Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale | the WAIS and its companion versions for children are the most widely used intelligence tests; they contain verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests |
| Standardization | defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group |
| Normal Curve | the bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes |
| Reliability | the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternative forms of the test, or on retesting |
| Validity | the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to |
| Predictive Validity | the success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict |
| Cross-Sectional Study | research that compares people of different ages at the same point in time |
| Longitudinal Study | research that follows and retests the same people over time |
| Cohort | a group of people sharing a common characteristic, such as being from a given time period |
| Heritability | the proportion of variation among individuals in a group that we can attribute to genes |
| Growth Mindset | a focus on learning and growing rather than viewing abilities as fixed |
| Stereotype Threat | a self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype |
Created by:
kenbishop47
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