Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Periodic Table
This is a review over chapter four in the Physical Science 6th edition textbook.
| Question/Term | Answer/definition | |
|---|---|---|
| How many elements have been discovered? | 118 elements | |
| What seven elements are referred to in the Bible? | gold, silver, tin, copper, lead, iron, and brimstone (sulfur) | |
| What five elements did the Ancient Greeks believe matter consisted of? | earth, air, fire, water, and aether | |
| Define Alchemists: | Scientists who were interested in turning low-value materials such as lead into high-value substances like gold. | |
| What two scientists began a transition from alchemy to chemistry? | 1. Robert Boyle | 2. Antoine Lavoisier |
| who's work solidified the position that matter consisted of indivisible particles of elements, rejecting the Greeks concept of matter as mixtures of the five basic elements? | Robert Boyle | |
| Who published "The Skeptical Chemyst?" | Robert Boyle | |
| Who, while researching combustion reactions, demonstrated that combustion require oxygen, and therefore fire formed as oxygen and other materials, and could not be considered an element? | Antoine Lavoisier | |
| Who developed Superscripts? | Jacob Berzelius | |
| Where was Jacob Berzelius from? | Sweden | |
| Define Superscripts: | Symbols Berzelius used to represent how many atoms of each element were present in the compound of an element. | |
| How is the modern system different from the Berzelius system of element symbols? | We use subscripts, while Berzelius used superscripts. | |
| What are the two languages a lot of the elements name's come from? | 1. German | 2. Latin |
| What element is represented by Na? | sodium | |
| what element is represented by Fe? | iron | |
| what element is represented by Ag? | silver | |
| Who discovered groups of three elements with similar properties, called triads? | Johann Döbereiner | |
| Define Triads: | groups of three elements with similar properties | |
| Where was Johann Döbereiner from? | Germany | |
| What did Döbereiner's work prompt scientists to start notesing? | Repeated patterns in elements when arranged in order by increasing atomic mass. These patterns were known as periodicity. | |
| Define periodicity: | repeating patterns in elements when arranged in order by increasing atomic mass. | |
| Who expanded on the concept of periodicity when he arranged the elements in order by atomic mass and found patterns of elements with similar properties? | John Newlands | |
| Who developed the law of octaves? | John Newlands | |
| Define the law of octaves: | when elements are arranged by atomic mass, the properties of every eighth element are similar. | |
| Who is credited with the earliest form of the periodic law? | John newlands | |
| State John Newlands definition of periodic law: | the properties of the elements vary with their atomic masses in a regularly repeating way. | |
| Who created the earliest form of the periodic table? | Dmitri Mendeleev | |
| What was the most striking features of Mendeleev's periodic table? | The fact that there were blank spaces that he left in between some of the elements, | |
| What was the technique Henry Moseley used in order to determine the atomic number for each element? | X-ray Spectroscopy | |
| define periodic law (current periodic law): | The properties of the elements vary in a periodic way with their atomic numbers. | |
| Define Periodic Table Of Elements: | a table of the chemical elements arranged in a way that displays their periodic properties in relationship to their atomic numbers. | |
| Who rearranged the periodic table on the basis of increasing atomic number; found using X-ray Spectroscopy? | Henry Moseley | |
| The two names given to a set of elements in the same column on the periodic table. | Family | Group |
| What is the first group in the Periodic table called? | The alkali Metals | |
| what is the second group in the Periodic table called? | The alkaline- earth metals | |
| What are groups 1B-3B known as? | The transition metals | |
| What is the thirteenth group known as? | The boron family | |
| What is the 14th group known as? | the carbon family | |
| What is the 15th group known as? | The nitrogen family | |
| What is the 16th group known as? | The oxygen family | |
| What is the 17th group known as? | The halogen family | |
| What is the 18th group known as? | The Noble gases | |
| Define Period: | A row on the periodic table | |
| Define valence electrons: | Electrons in the outermost energy level of a neutral atom. | |
| What are the elements in the alkali metals? | Hydrogen, Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium, and Francium. | |
| What are the elements in the alkaline-earth metals? | Beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, Barium, and Radium | |
| Define metals: | make up almost 80% of elements, and have few valence electrons; they are found to the left of the heavy stair step line on the periodic tables | |
| Typical properties of metal: | Exist as a dense, ductile, malleable, lustrous solid are highly conductive, electrically and thermally Are reactive, especially with nonmetals | |
| Define metalloids: | These elements have characteristics between those of metals and nonmetals. They are located along the stair step line and are also called semiconductors. | |
| Typical properties of nonmetals: | Exist as a brittle solid with metallic luster are fairly conductive, increasingly so as temperature rises reactivity varies | |
| Define nonmetals: | These elements typically have four or more valence electrons and do not exhibit the general properties of metals. They are to the right of, but not touching, the heavy stair step line on the periodic table | |
| Typical properties of nonmetals: | exist as a gas, a liquid, or a dull, brittle solid are poorly conductive, electrically and thermally the reactivity varies | |
| How many valance electrons do Alkali metals have? | one | |
| How many valance electrons do Alkali earth metals have? | two | |
| Define mixed groups: | Groups that contain metals, nonmetals, and metalloids, and are named for the first element in each family. To find the number of valence electrons for these elements, take the group number and subtract ten | |
| Why is the shape of the periodic table the way it is? | It is in relation to the structure of the atoms themselves. | |
| Where are the valance electrons found? | In the outermost energy level of an element. | |
| Define atomic radius | The distance from the center of an atom's nucleus to the electrons in its outermost energy level. | |
| As we move down a column in the periodic table: | the addition of energy levels make an atom bigger | |
| As we move to the right across a period in the periodic table: | Adding protons and electrons causes the atom to get smaller | |
| define electronegativity: | The measure of an element's ability to attract and hold electrons when bonded to other atoms. | |
| List all those who contributed in the development of element discovery in order from oldest to yongest: | 1. Robert boyle 2. Antoine Lavoisier 3. Jacob Berzelius 4. Johann Dobereiner 5. John Newlands 6. Dmitri Mendeleev 7. Henry Moseley |
Created by:
hihello2007
Popular Physical Science sets