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Forces & Motion Unit
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| accelerate | To change speed and/or direction per unit time. |
| acceleration | The change in speed and/or direction per unit time. |
| average speed | The total distance an object travels divided by the amount of time it took the object to travel that distance. |
| balanced forces | forces When the magnitude and direction of more than one force acting on an object results in zero net force. |
| braking distance | The distance a vehicle travels from the moment the driver applies the brakes until the vehicle comes to a complete stop. |
| causal relationship | A relationship in which a change in one factor causes a change to another factor. The first event is the cause and the result is the effect. |
| constraint | In engineering design, something that limits the solution to a problem. |
| control | A standard of comparison for checking or verifying the results of an experiment. The results of the experiment are compared with the control to see if the variable that was changed in the experiment caused any effect. |
| controlled variable | A variable in an investigation or experiment that is held constant. |
| correlation | A relationship between one event or action and another. There may or may not be a cause-and-effect relationship between two correlated events. |
| criterion/criteria | A minimum requirement for how the design must function. |
| distance | The length measured between two points. |
| extrapolation | Using known data to estimate an answer that lies outside the range of the evidence, such as with a graph. |
| friction | A force that exists at the boundary between any two pieces of matter that are in contact with each other. |
| force | a push or a pull |
| force diagram | A simple labeled diagram that shows the forces acting on an object as arrows that indicate the magnitude and direction of the force. |
| gram(g) | A simple labeled diagram that shows the forces acting on an object as arrows that indicate the magnitude and direction of the force. |
| interpolation | Using known data to estimate an answer that falls within the range of the evidence, such as with a graph. |
| joule(J) | The SI unit of measurement for energy, equal to 1 newton-meter. |
| matter | The stuff that makes up all living and nonliving objects. |
| meter(m) | A unit of length in the metric system; |
| net force | The combined force (magnitude and direction) acting on an object. |
| newton(N) | The SI unit of measurement for force. |
| speed | The rate at which an object moves, equal to the distance traveled per time interval. |
| stability/stable | The quality of not changing or being resistant to change. |
| unbalanced force | When the magnitude and direction of more than one force acting on an object give a net force unequal to zero. |
| independent variable | The part of the experiment that is being measured. Responding variable. |
| dependent variable | The part of the experiment that is changed on purpose to affect a change |
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