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8th Chap 19 &21
Magnetism and Electromagnetism
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| common ferromagnetic materials | iron, nickel, and cobalt |
| magnetosphere | the region of Earth's magnetic field shaped by the solar wind |
| solar wind | streams of electrically charged particles flowing at high speeds from the sun |
| magnetic field | the region around a magnet where the magnetic force is exerted |
| an aurora | the Northern Lights |
| magnetism | the force of attraction or repulsion of magnetic materials |
| temporary magnet | easily loses its magnetism |
| magnetic domain | a cluster of billions of atoms that all have magnetic fields lined up in the same way |
| unlike magnetic poles | attract each other |
| like magnetic poles | repel each other |
| magnetic field lines | never cross; they form complete loops from pole to pole; they spread out as they get farther from the magnet |
| the poles | where the magnetic force is the strongest |
| magnetic properties of a material | depend on its atomic structure |
| every magnet, regardless of its shape, | has two magnetic poles |
| a spinning electron | produces a magnetic field |
| solenoid | a coil of wire with a current |
| electromagnet | a solenoid with a ferromagnetic core |
| electromagnetism | the relationship between electricity and magnetism |
| an electric current produces | a magnetic field |
| the two ends of a solenoid | act like poles |
| the magnetic pole in the Northern Hemisphere is | in Northern Canada |
| one part of a freely swinging magnet always points | to Earth's magnetic pole in the Northern Hemisphere |
| most materials are not magnetic because | their magnetic domains are arranged randomly |
| as Earth's magnetic pole moves, | the magnetic declination in a given location will change |
| you can destroy a magnet's magnetism | by heating it or by dropping it or by striking it hard |
| since Earth produces a strong magnetic field, | Earth can make magnets |
| a magnet made from a steel paperclip is most likely | a temporary magnet |
| a compass behaves as it does | because of Earth's magnetic field |
| Earth's magnetic field can make a magnet out of an iron bar | by causing the magnetic domains to line up in the same direction |
| if you break a magnet in half | each half will be a new magnet, with both a north and south pole |
| characteristics of a magnetic field produced b a current are | it can be turned on and off; its direction can be reversed; and its strength can be changed |
| the closer together a magnet's magnetic field lines are, | the stronger the magnetic field |
| when molten material hardens into the rock on the ocean floor, | the domains of the iron it contains line up in the direction of Earth's magnetic field |
| uses of an electromagnet include | lifting heavy metal objects with a crane at a junkyard; recoding a song onto an audiotape; and recording a television show onto a videotape |
| you can increase the strength of an electromagnet's field by | using a stronger ferromagnetic material for the core; increasing the current in the solenoid; increasing the number of loops in the solenoid; and winding the coils more tightly |
Created by:
Mrs. Gordon
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