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Med Terms - Ch. 8
Terminology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ovaries | almond-shaped organs located in the pelvic cavity |
| ovum | female egg cell |
| graafian follicles | 100,000 microscopic sacs that make up a large portion of the ovaries |
| fallopian tubes | pair of tubes attached to the uterus that provide a passageway for the ovum to move from the ovary to the uterus; where fertilization takes place |
| fimbria | finger-like projection at the free end of the fallopian tube |
| uterus | pear-sized and shaped muscular organ that lies in the pelvic cavity |
| endometrium | inner lining of the uterus |
| myometrium | muscular middle layer of the uterus |
| perimetrium | outer protective layer of the uterus that secretes watery serous fluid to reduce friction |
| corpus | large central portion of the uterus |
| fundus | rounded upper portion of the uterus |
| cervix | narrow lower portion of the uterus |
| vagina | passageway between the uterus and the outside of the body |
| hymen | fold of membrane found near the opening of the vagina |
| vulva | external genitals of the female |
| perineum | pelvic floor in both the male and female |
| bartholin glands | pair of mucus-producing glands located on each side of the vagina, just above the vaginal opening |
| breasts | milk-producing glands |
| mammary papilla | breast nipple |
| areola | pigmented area around the breast nipple |
| amenorrhea | absence of menstrual flow |
| cervicitis | inflammation of the cervix |
| dysmenorrhea | painful menstrual flow |
| endometriosis | abnormal condition of the endometrium (endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus in various areas of the pelvic cavity) |
| endometritis | inflammation of the endometrium |
| hematosalpinx | blood in the fallopian tube |
| hydrosalpinx | water in the fallopian tube |
| mastitis | inflammation of the breast |
| menometrorrhagia | excessive bleeding from the uterus at menstruation (and between menstruation) |
| menorrhagia | excessive heavy bleeding at menstruation |
| metrorrhagia | excessive bleeding from the uterus (irregular out of cycle bleeding) |
| myometritis | inflammation of the uterine muscle |
| oligomenorrgea | scanty menstrual flow |
| oophoritis | inflammation of the ovary |
| perimetritis | inflammation surrounding the uterus |
| pyosalpinx | pus in the fallopian tube |
| salpingitis | inflammation of the fallopian tube |
| salpingocele | hernia of the fallopian tube |
| vaginitis | inflammation of the vagina |
| vaginosis | abnormal condition of the vagina |
| vulvovaginitis | inflammation of the vulva and vagina |
| abnormal uterine bleeding | irregular bleeding in the absence of pregnancy |
| adenomyosis | growth of endometrium into the muscular portion of the uterus |
| bartholin cyst | blockage of one of the glands on either side of the vagina |
| breast cancer | malignant tumor of the breast |
| cervical cancer | malignant tumor of the cervix, which progresses from cervical dysplasia to carcinoma |
| endometrial cancer | malignant tumor of the endometrium also called uterine cancer |
| fibrocystic breast changes | thickening of tissue (fibrosis), benign cysts, and pain or tenderness in one or both breasts |
| ovarian cancer | malignant tumor of the ovary |
| pelvic inflammatory disease | inflammation of some or all of the female pelvic organs |
| polycystic ovary syndrome | condition typically characterized by hormonal imbalances, ovulatory dysfunction, and multiple ovarian cysts |
| menstrual syndrome | syndrome involving physical and emotional symptoms, occurring up to 10 days before menstruation |
| toxic shock syndrome | severe illness characterized by high fever, rash, vomiting, diarrhea, and myalgia followed by hypotension and in severe cases shock and death |
| uterine fibroid | benign tumor or the uterine muscle |
| uterovaginal prolapse | dropping of the uterus (and sometimes vagina) due to weakened pelvic muscles |
| vaginal fistula | abnormal connection between the vagina and another organ |
| colpocleisis | surgical closure of the vagina |
| colpoperineorrhaphy | suturing of the vagina and the perineum |
| colpoplasty | surgical repair of the vagina |
| colporrhaphy | suturing of the vagina |
| episiorrhaphy | incision into the hymen |
| hysterectomy | excision of the uterus |
| hysteropexy | surgical fixation of the uterus |
| mammoplasty | surgical repair of the breast (performed to enlarge, or reduce in size and to reconstruct after removal of tumor) |
| mastectomy | excision of the breast |
| mastopexy | surgical fixation of the breast |
| oophorectomy | excision of the ovary |
| perineorrhaphy | suturing of (a tear in) the perineum |
| salpingectomy | excision of the fallopian tube |
| salpingo-oophorectomy | excision of the fallopian tube and the ovary |
| salpingostomy | creation of an artificial opening in the fallopian tube |
| trachelectomy | excision of the cervix |
| vulvectomy | excision of the vulva |
| anterior and posterior colporrhaphy | surgical repair or a weakened vaginal wall to correct a cystocele (protrusion of the bladder against the anterior wall of the vagina) |
| conization | surgical removal of a cone-shaped area of the cervix; used in the treatment for cervical cancer |
| dilation and curettage | surgical procedure to widen the cervix and remove contents from the uterus using a curette, an instrument for scraping and suctioning |
| endometrial ablation | procedure to destroy or remove endometrium by use of laser, electrical or thermal energy |
| myomectomy | excision of a uterine fibroid (myoma) |
| tubal ligation | surgical closure of the fallopian tubes for sterilization |
| uterine artery embolization | placement of metal coils or small gelatin beads into uterine arteries to stop blood flow supplying uterine fibroids or to stop hemorrhage after childbirth |
| hysterosalpingogram | radiographic image of the uterus and fallopian tubes |
| mammogram | radiographic image of the breast |
| mammography | radiographic imaging of the breast |
| sonohysterography | process of recording the uterus by use of sound |
| colposcope | instrument used for visual examination of the vagina |
| colposcopy | visual examination of the vagina |
| hysteroscope | instrument used for visual examination of the uterus |
| hysteroscopy | visual examination of the uterus |
| pelviscopic | pertaining to visual examination of the pelvic cavity |
| pelviscopy | visual examination of the pelvic cavity |
| sentinel lymph node biopsy | injection of blue dye and or radioactive isotope used to identify the sentinel lymph node(s) |
| stereotactic breast biopsy | technique that combines mammography and computer assisted biopsy to obtain tissue from a breast lesion |
| transvaginal sonography | ultrasound procedure that uses a transducer placed in the vagina to obtain images of the ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes and surrounding structures |
| CA-125 test | blood test primarily used to monitor treatment for ovarian cancer and to detect recurrence once treatment is completed |
| HPV test | cytological study of cervical and vaginal secretions to detect high risk forms of the human papillomavirus that can cause abnormal cervical cells and cervical cancer |
| pap test | cytological study of cervical and vaginal secretions to detect abnormal and cancerous cells |
| gynecologist | physician who studies and treats diseases of women |
| gynecology | study of women |
| endocervical | pertaining to within the cervix |
| pelvic | pertaining to the pelvis |
| vaginal | pertaining to the vagina |
| vesicovaginal | pertaining to the (urinary) bladder and the vagina |
| vulvovaginal | pertaining to the vulva and vagina |
| anovulation | failure of the ovary to release an egg |
| dyspareunia | difficult or painful intercourse |
| fistula | abnormal passageway between two organs or between an internal organ and the body surface |
| oligoovulation | infrequent release of an egg |
| contraception | intentional prevention of conception |
| hormone replacement therapy | replacement of hormones, estrogen and progesterone to treat symptoms associated with menopause |
| speculum | instrument for opening a body cavity to allow visual inspections |
| menarche | beginning of menstruation |
| menopause | cessation of menstruation |
Created by:
teresachristensen
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