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Chapter 8
Emotion and Motivation
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| emotion | a positive or negative experience that is associated with a particular pattern of physiological activity |
| James-Lange theory | a theory which asserts that stimuli trigger activity in the autonomic nervous system, which in turn produces an emotional experience in the brain |
| Cannon-Bard theory | a theory which asserts that a stimulus simultaneously trig- gers activity in the autonomic nervous sys- tem and emotional experience in the brain |
| two-factor theory | a theory which asserts that emotions are inferences about the causes of physiological arousal |
| appraisal | an evaluation of the emotion- relevant aspects of a stimulus |
| emotion regulation | the use of cognitive and behavioral strategies to influence one’s emotional experience |
| reappraisal | changing one’s emotional experience by changing the meaning of the emotion-eliciting stimulus |
| emotional expression | any observable sign of an emotional state |
| universality hypothesis | the hypothesis that emotional expressions have the same meaning for everyone |
| facial feedback hypothesis | the hypothesis that emotional expressions can cause the emotional experiences they signify |
| display rules | norms for the control of emotional expression |
| motivation | the purpose for or psychological cause of an action |
| hedonic principle | the notion that all peo- ple are motivated to experience pleasure and avoid pain |
| drive | an internal state generated by departures from physiological optimality |
| bulimia nervosa | an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging |
| anorexia nervosa | an eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of being fat and severe restriction of food intake |
| metabolism | the rate at which energy is used by the body |
| mortality-salience hypothesis | the prediction that people who are reminded of their own mortality will work to reinforce their cultural worldviews |
| intrinsic motivation | a motivation to take actions that are themselves rewarding |
| extrinsic motivation | a motivation to take actions that are not themselves rewarding but that lead to reward |
| conscious motivation | a motivation of which one is aware |
| unconscious motivation | a motivation of which one is not aware |
| need for achievement | the motivation to solve worthwhile problems |
| approach motivation | a motivation to experience positive outcomes |
| avoidance motivation | a motivation not to experience negative outcomes |
Created by:
honeymilk
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