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Topic 2 Vocabulary
Phases of Matter
Term | Definition |
---|---|
solid | a state of matter that has a definite shape and a definite volume |
liquid | a state of matter that has no definite shape and has a definite volume |
gas | a state of matter with no definite shape and no definite volume |
surface tension | the result of an inward pull among the molecules of a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together |
viscosity | a liquid's resistance to flowing |
thermal energy | the TOTAL kinetic and potential energy of all the particles of an object |
temperature | the AVERAGE energy of motion of the particles of a substance. How hot or cold something is. |
melting point | the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid |
freezing point | the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid |
boiling point | the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas |
vaporization | the change of state from a liquid to a gas (boiling) |
evaporation | the process by which molecules at the surface of a liquid absorb enough energy to change to a gas |
condensation | the change in state from a gas to a liquid |
sublimation | the change in state from a solid directly to a gas without passing through the liquid state |
pressure | the force pushing on a surface divided by the area of that surface |
Charles's Law | A principle that describes the relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas at constant pressure |
Boyle's Law | A principle that describes the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant pressure |