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Which term refers to the primary radiation used to form image?
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Which will increase scatter production?
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RADT 161 Test #3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which term refers to the primary radiation used to form image? | Useful beam |
| Which will increase scatter production? | An increase in x-ray field size |
| How the x-ray beam interacts with the tissues of the body: | Transmission and absorption |
| Which prime exposure factor affects the intensity of the x-ray beam at the IR? | SID |
| Which portion of the X-ray tube is negatively charged metal shroud that surrounds the filament? | Focusing cup |
| Beam that is unattenuated | Primary |
| Which patient factor must be considering when setting radiographic technique? | Patient/part thickness, pathology and tissue composition |
| The beam consists of different energy levels | Heterogenous beam |
| A divinity difference in densities is called: | Contrast |
| What is the primary factor that controls the amount of OD in a digital image. | mAs |
| A reduction in x-ray beam intensity as result of absorption and scatter in matter | Attenuation |
| Penetrability is an expressions of x-ray quality and conveys the ability of x-ray quality to pass through tissues. T/F | True |
| Which tissue interaction is considered to be complete absorption “event”? | Photoelectric interaction |
| Factors may be used to control or limit the effect of scatter radiation? | kVp, Grids and collimation |
| Grid has no effect on density. T/F | False |
| SID will have the greatest sharpness? | 72 inches |
| All photons produced in an x-ray beam will have the same ability to penetrate. T/F | False |
| The use of precise collimation helps to reduce scatter production. T/F | True |
| What two factors determine the overall quality of the radiographic image? | Visibility and sharpness factors |
| Is the difference between x-ray photons that are absorbed photoelectrically and those penetrate the body. | Differential absorption. |
| Differential absorption interacts with the body in three ways: | Penetrate to the receptor, scatter in a new direction, or absorbed in the body. |
| Refers to those x-ray photons that pass through the body and reach the image receptor. | Transmission |
| Refers to those photons that are attenuated by the body and do not reach the image receptor: | Absorption |
| An image with a brief range of widely different densities possesses: | Short scale contrast and high contrast |
| Anatomic structures that readily transmit x-ray | Radiolucent |
| Differential absorption between bone and soft tissue occurs principally because there is a difference in effective atomic number: T/F | True |
| Is one force or body having a measurable effect on another force or body: | Interactions |
| Two interactions: | Interaction with target and interactions with matter |
| Three things happen when an x-ray beam passes through the body: | The photons pass through the body unaffected, Absorption of photons occurs and change direction of photons. |
| Four Substance of atomic number | Bone, muscle, fat and air |
| What we see on x-ray: | Complete absorption, transmitted and scattered |
| High atomic number and nothing transmitted in that “area” | Complete absorption |
| A variation of shades of grey | Transmitted |
| Information found outside of primary beam: | Scattered |
| Block radiation rather than allowing it to pass through: | Radiopaque |
| Allows radiation to pass through: | Radiolucent |
| Most of the x-ray photons in the primary beam do not interact with atoms at all, but pass through the body unchanged. This result from two factors: | A.) X-rays are electrically neutral so there is no electric force between them and orbital electrons. B.) Atoms contain mainly empty space. |
| Photons: | Pass through, no interactions, no loss of intensity and called-transmitted. |
| Radiation exiting the X-ray tube is known as: | Primary radiation |
| X-ray that emerge from the patient and strike the image receptor, and composed of primary and scattered photons is called: | Exit or remnant radiation |
| Which of the following tissue types is likely to have the greatest number of photoelectric events? | Bone |
| The use precise collimation helps to reduce scatter production: T/F | True |
| To contribute negatively to the image as fog and to add patient occupational radiation dose. | Compton scattering |
| Positive contrast media is administered to a patient to increase dose, what type of interaction? | Photoelectric |
| Which interaction in the diagnostic range involves the total absorption of the incident photon? | Photoelectric |
| Attenuation is the process through which x-ray interactions with matter results in a reduction: | Beam quantity |
| Secondary photons are also produced during what type of interaction? | Photoelectric |
| Is an undesirable contributor to image contrast and density? | Compton |
| The problem with scatter is that it strikes the image receptor in the wrong place: T/F | True |
| The following that affects quantity? | kVp, mAs and distance |
| Equates to patient dose? | Absorption |
| Penetration is more likely with which photon energy? | High |
| What happens to quality as mAs increase? | unaffected by mAs |
| Differential absorption occurs because of: | Compton scattering, photoelectric effect and X-rays transmitted through the patient. |
| Is the product of absorption and scattering: | Attenuation |
| Which interaction is the major source of occupational exposure? | Compton |
| Differential absorption is dependent on: | Atomic number and mass density |
| Positive contrast agents result in: | Absorption of x-rays, increase in atomic number of tissue, more interactions with tissue, increase in Compton interactions and increase in photoelectric interactions. |
| The use of contrast agents increase the amount of: | Differential absorption, Compton scatter, and photoelectric absorption. |
| A negative contrast agent is: | Air |
| High kVp techniques reduce: | Patient dose |
| Compton interactions, photoelectric absorption, and transmitted x-rays all contribute to: | Differential absorption |
| X-rays transmitted without interaction contribute to: | Radiographic image |
| Barium is a good contrast agent because of its: | Atomic number |
| Image fog diagnostic imaging is caused by: | Compton scatter |
| Limiting the size of the primary beam | Beam restriction |
| The range of colors of gray(the differences) in radiograph including the dark areas and the bright(or areas) | Contrast scale |
| A color of gray in the image | Density |
| Refers to the radiation(radiation field size) striking the IR | Exposure to the IR |
| An Image with a brief range of widely different densities possesses | Short scale contrast and high contrast |
| An increase kVp results in: | Shorter wavelengths |
| In order to maintain the same density level and the mA is doubled, you should: | 1/2 the time |
| Long wavelength radiation will produce a radiograph with: | |
| Short scale contrast | |
| More than 99% of the energy of the electron stream is converted into: | Heat |
| Travel in all directions from the patient | Scatter |
| What are the two types of shape distortion: | Foreshortening and elongation |
| Two most common photon-tissue interactions in diagnostic radiography: | Photoelectric and compton |
| Three things can happen when x-ray photon enters into biological tissue: | Absorption, scatter and transmission. |
| Is the image that exist on the film after processing(visible) | Manifest image |
| An image on an exposed film that has not yet been made visible by developing(invisible) | Latent image |
| Two scales of radiographic contrast | Short scale and long scale contrast |
| Two types of shape distortion: | Elongation and foreshortening |
| How does the shape distortion occur | Can occur from in accurate central ray alignment of the tube. |
| Is a magnification of the part | Size distortion |
| Is the misrepresentation by unequal magnification of the actual shape of structure: | Shape distortion |
| Two types of distortion are: | Shape and size |
| How does the SID and the OID affect size distortion: | The greater the SID, the smaller magnification. As OID increases, size distortion increases. |
| How does the alignment of the anatomical part affect shape distortion: | Shape distortion occurs when the long axis of the anatomical object or part is not positioned perpendicular to the CR and parallel to the image receptor. |
| SOD affect distortion: if the SOD increase: | Distortion goes deacrease |
| Which of the following can be used to minimize size distortion | Very small focal spot |
| All other factors remaining constant an increase kVp will have what affect on density? | Increase |
| Determining the scale contrast is one of the roles of kVp: T/F | True |
| Film/or screen combination has no effect on contrast: T/F | False |
| A technique could have a sufficient quantity of photons to produce adequate density are still be light due to inadequate penetration kVp: T/F | True |
| Increase in kVp can cause increase density: T/F | True |
| Pathology can cause changes in subject contrast: T/F | True |
| A low contrast film/ screen combination is capable of recording many shades of gray: | True |
| mAs controls density by controlling which of the following: | Number of electrons boiled off the filament |
| All photons produced in an x-ray beam will have the same ability to penetrate: | |
| False | |
| An increase kVp results in | Shorter wavelength |
| In radiography, density is a visible representation of the quantity of x-ray photons reaching the IR: T/F | True |
| Stops a moving part in specific location | Detent |
| Varies the size of the radiation field | Collimator |
| Low contrast | Long gray scale and high kVp |
| High contrast | Short gray scale and low kVp |
Created by:
Faithshay