Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Which term refers to the primary radiation used to form image? | Useful beam
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| Which will increase scatter production? | An increase in x-ray field size
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| How the x-ray beam interacts with the tissues of the body: | Transmission and absorption
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| Which prime exposure factor affects the intensity of the x-ray beam at the IR? | SID
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| Which portion of the X-ray tube is negatively charged metal shroud that surrounds the filament? | Focusing cup
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| Beam that is unattenuated | Primary
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| Which patient factor must be considering when setting radiographic technique? | Patient/part thickness, pathology and tissue composition
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| The beam consists of different energy levels | Heterogenous beam
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| A divinity difference in densities is called: | Contrast
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| What is the primary factor that controls the amount of OD in a digital image. | mAs
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| A reduction in x-ray beam intensity as result of absorption and scatter in matter | Attenuation
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| Penetrability is an expressions of x-ray quality and conveys the ability of x-ray quality to pass through tissues. T/F | True
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| Which tissue interaction is considered to be complete absorption “event”? | Photoelectric interaction
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| Factors may be used to control or limit the effect of scatter radiation? | kVp, Grids and collimation
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| Grid has no effect on density. T/F | False
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| SID will have the greatest sharpness? | 72 inches
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| All photons produced in an x-ray beam will have the same ability to penetrate. T/F | False
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| The use of precise collimation helps to reduce scatter production. T/F | True
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| What two factors determine the overall quality of the radiographic image? | Visibility and sharpness factors
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| Is the difference between x-ray photons that are absorbed photoelectrically and those penetrate the body. | Differential absorption.
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| Differential absorption interacts with the body in three ways: | Penetrate to the receptor, scatter in a new direction, or absorbed in the body.
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| Refers to those x-ray photons that pass through the body and reach the image receptor. | Transmission
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| Refers to those photons that are attenuated by the body and do not reach the image receptor: | Absorption
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| An image with a brief range of widely different densities possesses: | Short scale contrast and high contrast
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| Anatomic structures that readily transmit x-ray | Radiolucent
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| Differential absorption between bone and soft tissue occurs principally because there is a difference in effective atomic number: T/F | True
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| Is one force or body having a measurable effect on another force or body: | Interactions
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| Two interactions: | Interaction with target and interactions with matter
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| Three things happen when an x-ray beam passes through the body: | The photons pass through the body unaffected, Absorption of photons occurs and change direction of photons.
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| Four Substance of atomic number | Bone, muscle, fat and air
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| What we see on x-ray: | Complete absorption, transmitted and scattered
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| High atomic number and nothing transmitted in that “area” | Complete absorption
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| A variation of shades of grey | Transmitted
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| Information found outside of primary beam: | Scattered
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| Block radiation rather than allowing it to pass through: | Radiopaque
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| Allows radiation to pass through: | Radiolucent
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| Most of the x-ray photons in the primary beam do not interact with atoms at all, but pass through the body unchanged. This result from two factors: | A.) X-rays are electrically neutral so there is no electric force between them and orbital electrons.
B.) Atoms contain mainly empty space.
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| Photons: | Pass through, no interactions, no loss of intensity and called-transmitted.
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| Radiation exiting the X-ray tube is known as: | Primary radiation
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| X-ray that emerge from the patient and strike the image receptor, and composed of primary and scattered photons is called: | Exit or remnant radiation
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| Which of the following tissue types is likely to have the greatest number of photoelectric events? | Bone
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| The use precise collimation helps to reduce scatter production: T/F | True
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| To contribute negatively to the image as fog and to add patient occupational radiation dose. | Compton scattering
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| Positive contrast media is administered to a patient to increase dose, what type of interaction? | Photoelectric
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| Which interaction in the diagnostic range involves the total absorption of the incident photon? | Photoelectric
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| Attenuation is the process through which x-ray interactions with matter results in a reduction: | Beam quantity
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| Secondary photons are also produced during what type of interaction? | Photoelectric
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| Is an undesirable contributor to image contrast and density? | Compton
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| The problem with scatter is that it strikes the image receptor in the wrong place: T/F | True
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| The following that affects quantity? | kVp, mAs and distance
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| Equates to patient dose? | Absorption
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| Penetration is more likely with which photon energy? | High
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| What happens to quality as mAs increase? | unaffected by mAs
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| Differential absorption occurs because of: | Compton scattering, photoelectric effect and X-rays transmitted through the patient.
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| Is the product of absorption and scattering: | Attenuation
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| Which interaction is the major source of occupational exposure? | Compton
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| Differential absorption is dependent on: | Atomic number and mass density
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| Positive contrast agents result in: | Absorption of x-rays, increase in atomic number of tissue, more interactions with tissue, increase in Compton interactions and increase in photoelectric interactions.
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| The use of contrast agents increase the amount of: | Differential absorption, Compton scatter, and photoelectric absorption.
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| A negative contrast agent is: | Air
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| High kVp techniques reduce: | Patient dose
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| Compton interactions, photoelectric absorption, and transmitted x-rays all contribute to: | Differential absorption
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| X-rays transmitted without interaction contribute to: | Radiographic image
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| Barium is a good contrast agent because of its: | Atomic number
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| Image fog diagnostic imaging is caused by: | Compton scatter
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| Limiting the size of the primary beam | Beam restriction
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| The range of colors of gray(the differences) in radiograph including the dark areas and the bright(or areas) | Contrast scale
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| A color of gray in the image | Density
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| Refers to the radiation(radiation field size) striking the IR | Exposure to the IR
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| An Image with a brief range of widely different densities possesses | Short scale contrast and high contrast
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| An increase kVp results in: | Shorter wavelengths
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| In order to maintain the same density level and the mA is doubled, you should: | 1/2 the time
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| Long wavelength radiation will produce a radiograph with: |
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| Short scale contrast
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| More than 99% of the energy of the electron stream is converted into: | Heat
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| Travel in all directions from the patient | Scatter
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| What are the two types of shape distortion: | Foreshortening and elongation
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| Two most common photon-tissue interactions in diagnostic radiography: | Photoelectric and compton
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| Three things can happen when x-ray photon enters into biological tissue: | Absorption, scatter and transmission.
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| Is the image that exist on the film after processing(visible) | Manifest image
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| An image on an exposed film that has not yet been made visible by developing(invisible) | Latent image
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| Two scales of radiographic contrast | Short scale and long scale contrast
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| Two types of shape distortion: | Elongation and foreshortening
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| How does the shape distortion occur | Can occur from in accurate central ray alignment of the tube.
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| Is a magnification of the part | Size distortion
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| Is the misrepresentation by unequal magnification of the actual shape of structure: | Shape distortion
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| Two types of distortion are: | Shape and size
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| How does the SID and the OID affect size distortion: | The greater the SID, the smaller magnification. As OID increases, size distortion increases.
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| How does the alignment of the anatomical part affect shape distortion: | Shape distortion occurs when the long axis of the anatomical object or part is not positioned perpendicular to the CR and parallel to the image receptor.
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| SOD affect distortion: if the SOD increase: | Distortion goes deacrease
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| Which of the following can be used to minimize size distortion | Very small focal spot
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| All other factors remaining constant an increase kVp will have what affect on density? | Increase
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| Determining the scale contrast is one of the roles of kVp: T/F | True
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| Film/or screen combination has no effect on contrast: T/F | False
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| A technique could have a sufficient quantity of photons to produce adequate density are still be light due to inadequate penetration kVp: T/F | True
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| Increase in kVp can cause increase density: T/F | True
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| Pathology can cause changes in subject contrast: T/F | True
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| A low contrast film/ screen combination is capable of recording many shades of gray: | True
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| mAs controls density by controlling which of the following: | Number of electrons boiled off the filament
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| All photons produced in an x-ray beam will have the same ability to penetrate: |
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| False
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| An increase kVp results in | Shorter wavelength
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| In radiography, density is a visible representation of the quantity of x-ray photons reaching the IR: T/F | True
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| Stops a moving part in specific location | Detent
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| Varies the size of the radiation field | Collimator
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| Low contrast | Long gray scale and high kVp
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| High contrast | Short gray scale and low kVp
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