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Ch. 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The most numerous cells in the blood are the ______. | Red blood cells |
| The term that means plasma without clotting factors is ______. | serum |
| Once a tube of blood is centrifuged, the cells of the blood separate out and fill the bottom ______% of the tube. | 45% |
| Which statement is correct about the structure of erythrocytes? | Their shape promotes more rapid diffusion of gases. |
| Which of the following is NOT normally found in serum? | hemoglobin |
| serum contains | antigens antibodies hormones and electrolytes |
| The iron-containing pigment of hemoglobin is called ______. | heme |
| shape of an erythrocyte? | Biconcave disc |
| Which gas is transported to the tissues from the lung? | oxygen; endothelial cells transport nitric oxide |
| symptoms of anemia | shortness of breathe and fatigue |
| protein component of hemoglobin | globin |
| Pernicious anemia | caused by deficiency of intrinsic factor and decreased B12 absorbency. |
| aplastic anemia | This is destruction of RBCs due to viral or toxin exposure. |
| Erythrocyte functions (RBC) | Erythrocytes transport carbon dioxide from tissue cells to the lungs. Hemoglobin can bind to oxygen and carbon dioxide in erythrocytes. |
| Iron-deficiency anemia can be caused by ______. | gastrointestinal bleeding |
| which suffix means pertaining to | -ic |
| Granules are the site for ______ and enzyme production. | chemical |
| agranulocytes | Do NOT contain cytoplasmic granules |
| ______ ingest bacteria. | Neutrophils |
| Basophils release ______ which prevents blood clotting. | heparin |
| B cells differentiate into | plasma cells |
| An increase in the total WBC count to over 10,000 per cubic millimeter is called ______. | leukocytosis |
| Neutrophils are normally about ______ of the total WBC count. | 60% (are granulocytes that ingest bacteria) |
| When the bone marrow is unable to produce sufficient numbers of each type of blood cell, this condition is ______. | aplastic anemia |
| Which disorder causes a reduced number of all blood cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes)? | pancytopenia |
| The cells that are most directly involved in hemostasis are ______. | platelets |
| Tiny red spots produced by bleeding from capillaries are called ______, | Petechiae |
| The accumulation and adhesion of platelets that occurs prior to blood coagulation is ______. | platelet plug formation |
| In the blood, ______ are present in plasma. | antibodies |
| The two most important blood groups, based on antigens on the surface of red blood cells, are the ______. | ABO and Rh groups |
| ______ is a drug that can dissolve clots after they have formed. | streptokinase |
| Humoral defense of the body is an immune system function mediated by ______. | antibodies |
| ______ dose is monitored by activated partial thromboplastin time. | heparin |
| B lymphocytes become ______ cells that secrete antibodies upon exposure to an antigen. | plasma |
| Lymphatic vessels resemble small veins and have _____ valves. | one-way |
| Lymphocytes are produced | in blood marrow |
| Which immune system cells ingest foreign debris and pathogens? | Macrophages, which develop from monocytes |
| Which characteristic of the immune system enables it to recognize self versus non-self molecules? | discrimination |
| The spleen is a reservoir for _____. | erythrocytes, platelets |
| Which medication is taken orally to prevent clots from forming? | coumadin |
| Patches of lymphatic tissue near the opening of the oropharynx are the ______. | tonsils |
| types of immunity | cellular imm and humoral imm |
| ______ dose is monitored by activated partial thromboplastin time. | heparin |
| Cellular (cell-mediated) immunity is ______. | a direct attack against a foreign invader by immune system cells |
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Starrsimss