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Psychology Chapter 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| sensation | the stimulation of sensory receptors and transmission of sensory information to your Central Nervous System |
| perception | the psychological process in which you interpret sensory stimulation; a reflection of experience, learning, and attitude |
| absolute threshold | the weakest amount of stimulus that can be sensed or perceived; varies from person to person |
| difference threshold | the smallest amount of difference you can detect between two stimuli |
| sensory adaptation | the process when you become more sensitive to weak stimuli and less sensitive to unchanging stimuli |
| signal detection theory | how you distinguish sensory stimuli by taking into account not just stimuli strength, but also setting, your physical state, your mood, and your attitude |
| photoreceptors | light sensitive neurons in the retina |
| pupil | a hole in the iris that allows light to go through |
| iris | a muscle that contracts and expands which controls how much light gets inside the pupil; it controls how big the pupil is |
| lens | adjusts thickness to focus the image and make it clear; gets brittle with age and can't do its job as well |
| retina | projector, what the image is put onto, contains photoreceptors |
| blind spot | where the optic nerve enters/exits your eyeball; no photoreceptors |
| visual acuity | how sharp or clear your vision is |
| complementary | colors that are across from each other on the color wheel |
| afterimage | the vision impression that remains after the original image is removed |
| cochlea | a hollow tube that has neurons that move when the sound and fluid move around; the hardest bone in your body |
| auditory nerve | |
| conductive deafness | damage to middle ear; can be fixed with hearing aids; caused by heredity, injury, disease, old age |
| sensorineural deafness | damage to the inner ear; most commonly neurons in the cochlea or auditory nerve damage |
| olfactory nerve | |
| gate theory | your body can only handle so many sensations at any one given time |
| vestibular sense | |
| kinesthesis | the awareness of the position/motion of your body and where it is in space |
| closure | your tendency to perceive a complete or whole figure even if there are gaps (fill in the gaps) |
| proximity | group things together based on how close they are (group of horizontal and vertical) |
| similarity | put things that are alike together |
| continuity | our preference to see a smooth continuous pattern |
| common fate | group things together that appear to be moving together |
| stroboscopic motion | the illusion of movement produced by showing the rapid progression of images or objects that are not moving at all |
| monocular cues | things that you only need one eye to perceive (background art) |
| binocular cues | Things you need two eyes to perceive |
| retinal disparity | |
| figure ground | the perception of figures against a background (interpreting what the background of the image is and then perceiving the rest of the image from that) |
Created by:
mckennaminton
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