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Chapter 5
Psychology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biofeedback | A system that provides data about something that is happening in the body. Used to treat headaches, ADHD, and lower blood pressure. |
| Consciousness | The awareness of things that are both inside and outside ourselves. |
| Psychological construct | Something that cannot be seen, touched, or measured directly. |
| Sensory awareness | Being aware of things outside of yourself. |
| Selective attention | Focusing on a particular stimulus. |
| Direct inner awareness | When you are conscious of thoughts, images, emotions, memories, or abstract constructs. |
| Sense of self | We are aware of ourselves and our existence. |
| Preconscious | Stored knowledge that is retrievable into conscious awareness. |
| Unconscious | Information is unavailable to awareness under most circumstances. |
| Nonconscious | Refers to bodily processes that we are not aware of. |
| Altered state of consciousness | A person's sense of self or sense of the world changes. |
| Circadian rhythms | Changes occur every 24 hours. |
| 5 stages of sleep | 1-4 have a 90 minute cycle, then Rapid Eye Movement (REM) stage. |
| Importance of sleep | Revive the tired body and build up resistance to infection, help people recover from stress and consolidate memories. |
| Freud's view | Dream reflect a person's unconscious wishes and urges. People dream in symbols as a way to deal with painful material they cannot otherwise deal with consciously. |
| Biopsychological approach | Neurons fire in the part of the brain that controls movement and vision, causing dreams. |
| Insomnia | The inability to sleep. |
| Helping sleep problems | Relaxation techniques, establishing regular bedtimes, using pleasant images to relax |
| Nightmares and Night terrors | People who are anxious or depressed are more likely to have nightmares, night terrors are more severe. Night terrors occur in 1-4, nightmares occur in REM. |
| Sleepwalking | Many children walk in their sleep, most outgrow. |
| Sleep apnea | A breathing interruption that occurs during sleep. |
| Narcolepsy | People suddenly fall asleep no matter what time it is or where they are. Believed to be a genetic disorder of REM-sleep functioning. |
| Bed wetting | Very common in children, usually outgrow. |
| Sleep deprivation | Produces mental states of fatigue, drowsiness, and irritability. Physical symptoms such as weight gain, heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke. |
| Meditation | Used to narrow consciousness so that the stress of the outside world fades away, can help people relax, an effective way to lower body pressure. |
| Hypnosis | A condition in which people appear to be highly suggestible and to behave as if they are in a trance |
| Hypnosis history | Dates back to the late 1700s with the work of Franz Mesmer. Used in a variety of ways: as an anesthetic, to help reduce anxiety, manage pain, or overcome fears. |
| Hypnotic suggestibility. | People who are easily hypnotized. |
| Role theory | Playing a part as if they are in play. People may believe what they are doing is real. |
| Posthypnotic suggestion | The therapist gives instruction during the hypnosis that the patient is to carry out after the session has ended. |
Created by:
Krisbeats
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