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Abnormal Psychology
Chapter 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) | Disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that attacks immune system and leaves the patient susceptible to unusual infections |
| Behavioral Medicine | A multidisciplinary field concerned with studying and treating the behavioral components of physical illness |
| Biofeedback | Behavioral med treatment uses laboratory equipment to monitor physiological processes (that generally occur outside of conscious awareness) & provide feedback Hypothesized to help patients to gain conscious control over problematic physiological processes |
| Cardiovascular Disease | A group of disorders that affect the heart and circulatory system. Hypertension (high blood pressure) and coronary heart disease are the most important forms of CVD |
| Coronary Heart Disease | A group of diseases of the heart that includes angina pectoris (chest pain) and myocardial infarction (heart attack) |
| Cortisol | Corticosteroid secreted by the adrenal cortex. Cortisol known as “stress hormone” because its release is so closely linked with stress. |
| Cross-Sectional Study | A research design in which subjects are studied only at one point in time. (Contrast with longitudinal study.) |
| Emotion-Focused Coping | A research design in which subjects are studied only at one point in time. (Contrast with longitudinal study) |
| Fight-or-Flight Response | A response to a threat in which psychophysiological reactions mobilize the body to take action against danger |
| General Adaptation Symptom | Selye’s three stages in reaction to stress: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion |
| Health Behavior | A wide range of activities essential to promoting good health, including positive actions, such as proper diet, and the avoidance of negative activities, such as cigarette smoking |
| Homeostasis | The tendency to maintain a steady state. A familiar concept in biology that also is widely applicable in psychology |
| Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) | Virus causes AIDS and attacks the immune system, leaving the patient susceptible to infection, neurological complications, and cancers that rarely affect those with normal immune function |
| Longitudinal Study | Type of research design in which subjects are studied over period of time (contrasts with the cross-sectional approach of studying subjects only at one point in time). Longitudinal studies attempt to establish whether hypothesized causes precede their put |
| Problem-Focused Coping | Externally oriented coping in an attempt to change or otherwise control a stressor. |
| Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) | Research on the effects of stress on the functioning of the immune system |
| Resilience | The ability to “bounce back” from adversity despite life stress and emotional distress |
| Sleep-Wake Disorders | Disorders where sleep is the primary complaint |
| Stress | An event that creates physiological or psychological strain for the individual. Stress has been defined differently by various scientists |
| Tend and Befriend | Alt. response to stress hypo'zed to be more common among females. Tending- caring for offspring in way that protects them from harm, also altering the offspring’s neuroendocrine responses in a healthful manner. Befriend- respond to threat w/social affilia |
| Type A Behavior Pattern | Characterological response to challenge that is competitive, hostile, urgent, impatient, and achievement-striving. Linked to an increased risk for coronary heart disease. |
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pocegued2
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