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General Psych Exam 1
UW Platteville- Pr. Gates- General Psychology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define psychology and be familiar with the purpose of psychology. | the scientific study of the mind and behavior with the purpose to understand and predict behavior |
| Whose name is associated with the creation of the first psychology lab? | Wilhelm Wundt |
| Define critical thinking and be able to recognize examples of critical thinking. | scientifically evaluating information to reach conclusions based on the evidence presented |
| Understand how psychology is useful. | Academic success; improving personal life; success in profession |
| Differentiate between behaviorists, psychoanalysts, and humanistic psychologists. (To answer this question, you should be familiar with the defining features of each psychological approach.) | |
| Be familiar with the nature versus nurture debate. What affects human behavior—nature, nurture, or both? | Nature is how we are biologically wired to be whereas nurture is determinate on the environment around us |
| Be familiar with the biopsychosocial approach. | Biology, psychology, and social life all influence behavior |
| What is the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist? Which specialist has a medical degree? | Psychiatrist usually treat with medication where psychologist treat with counseling. |
| Does a person have to have a Ph.D. to be a therapist or counselor? | |
| Define hindsight bias. | leads us to become overconfident in our intuition and common sense |
| What is a hypothesis? | |
| Be familiar with the five steps in the scientific method. | Form a theory, create a hypothesis, perform tests, analyze the data. share or perform further research. |
| Differentiate between the three types of samples used in psychological research. What are some problems with convenience samples? | Convenience- what is readily available; Random- assignment where the population has an equal chance of being chosen; representative: |
| What are the three general types of research methods and what are the defining features of each method? | Descriptive (describe the occurrence); Correlational (test relationship); Experimental (investigate what causes the outcome) |
| Be familiar with the three types of descriptive methods. | -Observational; Self-reports; Case studies |
| What is correlational research most useful for? | |
| Be able to differentiate between a positive and negative correlation. | Positive- both are moving in same direction; negative- opposite directions |
| What is a placebo? What is the placebo effect? | A substance that has no effect, but the thought of it believes so |
| What is a correlation coefficient? Be able to interpret the meaning of a correlation coefficient. | To understand how closely correlated a correlation is- closer to 1 the better the correlation |
| What type of research study can be used to demonstrate causality (i.e. what research method can demonstrate that changes in one variable CAUSE changes in another variable)? | Experimental |
| In which type of study does the experimenter manipulate one variable to see the effect it has on another variable? | Experimental |
| What does this statement mean: correlation does not equal causation? | Just because there is relation doesn't mean that one directly causes the other |
| Understand the two main problems with correlational studies (the directionality problem and the third variable problem). | You can't understand what causes what and there might be a confounding variable that is causing the correlation instead |
| What is an operational definition? Be able to recognize variables that are operationally defined. | Quantifiable & numerical |
| Define and understand the purpose of random sampling and random assignment. Understand what is means if an experiment “violates the principle of random assignment." | |
| What does it mean to say that an experiment is double blind? | Neither the experimenter or the subject knows who is who in the test |
| Differentiate between an independent and dependent variable. | Independent is changed and dependent is effected. |
| Differentiate between a control group and an experimental group. | Control group is meant to be the basis/guideline where the experimental has variables changed. |
| What does it mean to say that a confounding variable (or a confound) affected the results of an experiment? | A confounding variable is a third variable that might change the dependent more so than the "independent" making it seem as though the independent is changing it |
| Define a neuron. What is their primary responsibility in the nervous system? | |
| What is the major function of a dendrite? Of an axon? Describe the basic structure of the axon and dendrite. | |
| What is an action potential? | Electrical impulses |
| What is a neurotransmitter? What is a synapse? | |
| What is reuptake? | The reabsorption of the neurotransmitters into the sending neuron |
| In general, describe what diseases/functions serotonin, acetylcholine, dopamine, and endorphins are associated with. | |
| What are three reasons why someone should consider taking an antidepressant to treat depression. | Severe depression which significantly impacts daily life; Thoughts of suicide; Therapy/exercise/sleep/mental health improvement plan has been tried for 3 months and depression persists; Severe anxiety along with depression; person has experienced seve |
| What is the best treatment for mild to moderate depression? What is the best treatment for moderate to severe depression? | Exercise and counseling |
| Be familiar with the PowerPoints in Canvas entitled Concussions and Concussions in Young Athletes | Exercise, counseling, and medication |
| Define plasticity | The brain's ability to heal |
| Define the following terms: genes, genotype, phenotype, monozygotic (identical) twins, dizygotic (fraternal) twins. | |
| What are some advantages of studying monozygotic twins? | |
| Define the term epigenetics and understand the important aspects of this new field of study | How enviroment effects gene expression |
Created by:
adriennefreiburger
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