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exam #1

psych 315

TermDefinition
race is a... social construct and category; it is not biological
race is used to... create, define and reinforce stereotypes
how do we classify someone as being white the definition of race is always changing - therefore, there is no "definite" way to classify someone as being white
our culture determines... how we think about and consider race
culture and time influences our... perceptions of race and beliefs about groups
what does it mean to be heterosexual in our society? you are a part of the majority, you are seen as more accepted/acceptable
being heterosexual in our society is considered... privilege
what does it mean to be white in our society? white people often have more privilege
white/group/male privilege a system of unearned advantages based on one's social category
drapetomania coined by Dr. Samuel Cartwright in 1850 - slaves that ran away from bondage were seen as mentally ill
internal attribution easy to blame other people when negative things have happened to you/those around you
privilege is most invisible to... the privileged
denying privilege makes equality/equity seem like... reverse discrimination
equality everyone benefits from the same supports
equity everyone gets the support they need (this is also called affirmative action)
equity is not... discriminating against anyone
justice everyone gets the same support or accomodation because the causes of inequity were addressed
what are some common reactions to privilege? guilt and denial; acceptance, but not seeing any personal benefits; acceptance and using it for social justice
prejudice attitudes (typically negative) about certain members of a social group as well as an entire social group
non prejudiced people can have negative attitudes and behaviors towards... outgroup members
stereotypes beliefs about the traits and behaviors of members of a social group(s)
stereotypes usually lead us to... labelling people incorrectly or inappropriately (ex: thugs, terrorists, illegal immigrants)
intersectionality an overlap in social categories alters stereotypes
discrimination differential treatment of others based on their social group
interpersonal discrimination one on one discrimination (ex: sexual harrassment)
organizational discrimination practices rules of formal organization or governments that lead to discrimination
institutional discrimination practices in social institutions that results in unfair treatment (ex: legal, housing, or educational systems)
cultural discrimination devaluing cultural norms and perspectives of other groups
institutional and cultural discrimination can be... hard to detect most of the time
racism stronger and more pervasive than other forms of discrimination in the US
other forms of discrimination in the US heterosexism, weight bias, religious discrimination, classism, sexism, ageism, ableism, etc.
changing prejudice most do not consciously admit to prejudice thoughts/actions, but extensive research suggests otherwise
physiological tests measure a body's change in stimulus
unobtrusive behavioral measurements subtle behavioral measures that disguise their intent
what is considered old fashioned racism and sexism any absurd law created in the Jim Crow Era
what is old fashioned sexism and racism? the belief that white males were genetically superior and subordinate segregation was acceptable
racial/gender resentment resenting complaints from minorities and women about discrimination
prejudice and character most believe that only "bad" people are prejudiced
explicit prejudice conscious activation of stereotypes, thoughts, and beliefs
implicit prejudice unconscious activation of stereotypes, thoughts and feelings when perceiving an outgroup member
implicit prejudice can predict... nonverbal behaviors, automatic reactions, and biased judgements (ex: hiring, and medical decisions)
modern/symbolic prejudice the belief that minority groups are morally inferior to majority groups and lack traditional values
modern/symbolic prejudice often believes that... discrimination complaints are unjustified, wealth and education gaps are due to lack of motivation/values/morals
egalitarian views feel threatened by programs that help minority groups improve
with modern/symbolic prejudice people are socialized to... feel a degree of negative emotions towards certain minority groups (aka gender/racial resentment)
discrimination occurs when it can be justified by non-racial/sex/religious groups
discriminatory people typically have... strong negative implicit/explicit attitudes towards a certain group
aversive prejudice the belief in equality, but ignoring and/or avoiding eye contact with certain minority groups
people with aversive prejudice often feel like... they do not have close, intimate contacts/relationships with people in these groups
people with aversive prejudice often reject... moral inferiority arguments and may support equity programs like affirmative action
people with aversive prejudice often avoid... intimate, unstructured, and prolonged contact with certain groups
people with aversive prejudice may... discriminate in ambiguous situations (ex; unobtrusive tests)
ambivalent prejudice having both positive and negative explicit and negative implicit benefits
individualism values everyone is responsible for themselves and their own lives/values
egalitarian values love thy neighbor as yourself
individualism values often conflict with egalitarian values overemphasis on one value set depending on context/primes to reduce conflicted feelings
response amplification extremely positive/negative behavior towards an outgroup member
benevolent prejudice positive beliefs about a minority group(s) that keep them in a low status/power position
ambivalent sexism a mix of hostile and benevolent sexism (ex: chivalry)
Created by: kw3093
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