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Comm.101 Ch.1-4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| legacy media | newspapers, television, podcasts, streaming video and audio, and interactive social media |
| communication | social interaction through messages |
| intrapersonal communication | communication within the self |
| interpersonal communication | communication one-on-one to another human being |
| group communication | when a network of people are communicating with each other |
| mass communication | a society-wide communication process in which an individual uses technology to send messages to a large audience. |
| media literacy | people's understanding of what the media are, how they operate, what messages they are delivering, what roles they play in society, and how audience members respond to media messages. |
| mass media | the technology tools used to transmit the messages of mass commuication |
| transmission model | model useful for laying out the various elements of the mass communication process but doesnt explain how it works in our lives. Key element include: sender, receiver, message, encoding, channel, and noise |
| sender | the corporation or individual responsible for the message being sent |
| message | the content being transmitted by the sender to the receiver |
| encoding | first transforming the sender's ideas into a message, and then preparing it for transmission |
| channel | the medium used to transmit the message |
| receiver | the audience for the mass communication message |
| decoding | the process of translating a signal from a mass medium into a form the receiver can understand |
| noise | things that intercept the delivery of the message |
| ritual model | model that puts the audience in the centre of the equation by looking at how and why the audience consume messages. it interprets that media consumption goes beyond simply delivering messages and becomes a shared experience that brings people together. |
| publicity model | model explaining the mere fact that a topic is covered by the media can make the topic important, regardless what is said about it. |
| reception model | model that instead of looking at how messages affect audiences, it looks at how the receivers derive and create meaning out of media content. how each receiver decodes the message based on his/her unique experiences |
| opinion leaders | influential community members such as friends, family, members, and coworkers who spend significant time with the media |
| geographics | where people live |
| demographics | people's gender, race, ethnic background, income, education, age, etc. |
| psychographics | a combination of demographics, lifestyle characteristics, and product usage. |
| surveillance | the process in which we learn what is going on in the world from the media which as its advantages and disadvantages. |
| status conferral | idea that media coverage exposes individuals to larger audiences and they seem important |
| correlation | the selection, evaluation, and interpretation of events to impose structure on the news. this is accomplished by persuasive communication through things like editorials and advertising. |
| socialization | the process of integrating people within society through the transmission of values, social norms, and knowledge to new members of the group. |
| entertainment | a communication designed primarily to amuse |
| agenda-setting theory | theory that states that issues that are portrayed as importantin the news media become important to the public. |
| social learning theory | theory that states that people base their behavior on what we learn and observe from others around them and are able to note the consequences of doing certain things. |
| uses and gratifications theory | theory that states instead of looking at the audience as a mass of receivers, it views them as active receivers of their own choosing |
| symoblic interactionism | what holds us together as a culture is our common creating of our society through our interactions based on language. |
| cultivation analysis | term that Gerbner argued that watching large amounts of television cultivates a distinct view of the world that is sharply at odds with reality. |
| mean world syndrom | when heavy television viewers believe that the world is exactly or very similar to the fiction in television, such as violence, murder, poverty rates, etc. but it is actually not. |
| critical theory | a philosophical approach to culture, and especially to literature, that seeks to confront the social, historical, and ideological forces and structures that produce and constrain it. |
| critical/cultural approach | approach that considers how meaning is created within society, who controls the media systems, and the roles the media play in our lives. Instead of looking at how messages affect people it looks at how people use and construct messages. |
| penny press | newspapers that were cheap, tabloid-style newspapers mass-produced in the United States from the 1830s onwards |
| synergy | a combination of effects that is greater than the sum of the individual effects. |
| local cable television systems | systems that delivered programming to individual homes |
| long tail | an unlimited number of media products that don't need high sales to be successful, they just need a low number of sales, or a middle number but not high sales to be successful. |
| short head | a limited number of media products with high sales |
| pictograph | pictures of objects painted on rock walls |
| ideograph | an abstract symbol that stands for an object or an idea |
| emojis | small icons that stand for emotions or ideas, people often don't agree for what they mean, they have several interpretations to different people. |
| phonography | a system of writing in which symbols stand for spoken sounds rather than for objects or ideas in their writing. |
| alphabets | letters that represent individual sounds |
| papyrus | a primitive form of paper made from the papyrus reed that was developed by Egyptians, and placed on scrolls |
| parchment | form of paper made from the skins of goats or sheep that is less fragile than papyrus. |
| paper | made from cotton rags or wood pulp invented by the Chinese. |
| scriptoria | the copying rooms of monasteries. |
| type mold | an invention that enabled printers to make multiple, identical copies of a single letter without hand-carving each. |
| font | all the characters of a typeface in a particular size and style. |
| Bay Psalm Book | the first book printed in North America in 1640 |
| serial novels | books published in parts or installments that were popular in the 1830s and 40s because it was less expensive to produce. |
| dime novels | the first paperbacks that were heroic action stories and generally celebrated democratic ideals. The Civil War was a really popular time for these. |
| rotary press | steam powred press that could print as many as 16,000 sections in the same amount of time as other presses. |
| Linotype | machine that let a compositor type at a keyboard rather than pick each letter out by hand. |
| publishers | the companies that buy manuscripts from authors and turn them into books |
| trade books | the commercial, mass market fiction and non-fiction books targeted at general audiences. |
| university and small presses | publishing done in a smaller scale that issue a limited number of books and may not be in the business for profit. |
| proofs | a copy of the ready-to-print pages of a book that is sent to the authors. |
| inclusive access | where schools license all the assigned books electronically from a major publisher and make them available to students at either a discounted rate or no additional charge. |
| domestic novels | novels that told of women who overcame tremendous problems through their christian strength, virtue, and faith, that ended up in prosperous middle-class homes and life. |
| brick-and-mortar | an actual business or book rather than on the internet. |
| e-book readers | books that are available in an electronic form such as a Kindle |
| Pentagon Papers | a top-secret 47 volume report commissioned by the secretary of defense to explain how the US got involved and fought in the Vietnam war. This was physically big job to do because copy machines were uncommon |
| print on demand | when the physical book is not printed until it is ordered or until the distributor of the book prints additional copies in small batches. |
Created by:
kennedeyclark
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