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Myers Module 4
The brain
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Brainstem | begins where spinalcord enters the scull; it is the oldest part and central core of the brain; resposible for automatic survival functions |
| Medulla | The base of the brain stem; controls heartbeat and breathing |
| what does the medulla control? | Heartbeat and breathing |
| Pons | Located just above medulla; coordinates movement |
| What does the pons control? | movement |
| Thalamas | The brain's sensory switchboard; located on top of brainstem. It directs messages to sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmitts replies to cerebellum and medulla |
| What are the parts of the brainstem | Medulla and Pons |
| Reticular Formation | A nerve network in the brainstem that plays an important role in controlling arousal |
| What controls arousal | Recticular Formation |
| Cerebellum | "little brain" attatched to the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance |
| limbic system | a doughnut shaped system of neural structures below the cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression and drives such as those for food and sex. Includes hippocampus, amygdala and hypothalamus |
| Amygdala | Two lima bean sized neural clusters that are components of limbic sstem and linked to emotion |
| hypothalamus | neural structure lying just below the thalamus; directs several maintenence activities (eating, drinking, body temp), help govern endocrine system via pituitary gland- linked to emotion |
| reward deficiency syndrom | genetically disposed defiecency in the natural brain sustems for pleasure and well being that lead to people craving whatever provides pleasure (drugs, alcholhol, sex) |
| Cerebral Cortex | the intricate gabric of interconected neural cells that covers the cerebral hemispheres, the bodies ultimate conrol and information processing center |
| frontal lobes | involved in speaking and muscle movements and in making plans and judgements |
| parietal lobes | receives sensory input from touch and body position |
| occipital lobes | includes visual areas, each receieving info from oppiside eye |
| temporal lobes | includes auditory areas, each recieving info from oppisite ear |
| motor cortex | an area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements |
| sensory cortex | an area at the front of the parietal lobes that registers and processes body touch touch and movement sensations |
| visual cortex | area in occipital lobe that recieves visual input |
| auditory coretex | area in temporal lobe that receives auditoray inpu |
| association areas | areas of the cerebral cortex that are not involved in primary motor or sensory functions; they are involoved with higher mental functions such as learning, remembering, thinking and speaking |
| aphasia | impairing of language due to damage of the brain usually in the left hemisphere |
| broca's area | controls language expression (speach)- an area of frontal lobe, usually in left hemisphere that directs muscle movements involoved with speech |
| Wernickes Area | controls language reception- usually in left hemisphere temporal lobe- involved with language conmprehension and expression |
| plasticity | the brains ability to modify itself after certian types of damage |
| corpus collosum | the large band of neural fibers connectiong the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them |
| split brain | a condition in which the brain's two hemispheres are disconnected via the corpus collosum |
Created by:
tpetrali
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