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Chapter 2 Vocab
Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Observation | The process of gathering information about events or processes in a careful, orderly way |
| Hypothesis | A testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation |
| Prediction | A statement made in advance that expresses the results that will be obtained from testing a hypothesis if the hypothesis is supported; the expected outcome if a hypothesis is accurate |
| Experiment | A procedure that is carried out under controlled conditons to discover, demonstrate, or test a fact, theory, or general truth |
| Variable | A factor that changes in an experiment in order to test a hypothesis |
| Experimental Group | In an experiment, a group that is identical to a control group except for one factor and that is compared with the control group |
| Control Group | In an experiment, a group that serves as a standard of comparison with another group to which the control group is identical except for one factor |
| Data | Any pieces of information cquired through observation or experimentation |
| Correlation | The linear dependence between two variables |
| Decision-making Model | A conceptual model that provides a systematic process for making decisions |
| Statistics | The collection and classification of data that are in the form of numbers |
| Mean | The number obtained by adding up the data for a given characteristic and dividing this sum by the number of individuals |
| Distribution | The relative arrangement of the members of a statistical population; usually shown in a graph |
| Probability | The likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event |
| Sample | The group of individuals or events selected to represent a statistical population |
| Risk | The probability of an unwanted outcome |
| Model | A pattern, plan, representation, or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system, or concept |
| Conceptual Model | A verbal or graphical explanation for how a system works or is organized |
| Mathamatical Model | One or more equations that represent the way a system or process works |
| Value | A principle or standard that an individual considers to be important |