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Chapter 2 Vocab
Vocabulary
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Observation | The process of gathering information about events or processes in a careful, orderly way |
Hypothesis | A testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation |
Prediction | A statement made in advance that expresses the results that will be obtained from testing a hypothesis if the hypothesis is supported; the expected outcome if a hypothesis is accurate |
Experiment | A procedure that is carried out under controlled conditons to discover, demonstrate, or test a fact, theory, or general truth |
Variable | A factor that changes in an experiment in order to test a hypothesis |
Experimental Group | In an experiment, a group that is identical to a control group except for one factor and that is compared with the control group |
Control Group | In an experiment, a group that serves as a standard of comparison with another group to which the control group is identical except for one factor |
Data | Any pieces of information cquired through observation or experimentation |
Correlation | The linear dependence between two variables |
Decision-making Model | A conceptual model that provides a systematic process for making decisions |
Statistics | The collection and classification of data that are in the form of numbers |
Mean | The number obtained by adding up the data for a given characteristic and dividing this sum by the number of individuals |
Distribution | The relative arrangement of the members of a statistical population; usually shown in a graph |
Probability | The likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event |
Sample | The group of individuals or events selected to represent a statistical population |
Risk | The probability of an unwanted outcome |
Model | A pattern, plan, representation, or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system, or concept |
Conceptual Model | A verbal or graphical explanation for how a system works or is organized |
Mathamatical Model | One or more equations that represent the way a system or process works |
Value | A principle or standard that an individual considers to be important |