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Unit 14 Vocab Quiz 2
AP Psychology: Social Psychology
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Ingroup | People with whom one shares a common identity (US). |
Outgroup | Those perceived as different from one's ingroup (THEY). |
Ingroup Bias | The tendency to favor one's group. |
Scapegoat Theory | When prejudice is an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame. |
Other-race Effect | The tendency to faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races. Cross-race effect/own-race bias. |
Aggression | Refers to a range of behaviors that can result in both physical and psychological harm to yourself, others, or objects in the environment. This type of behavior centers on harming another person either physically and/or mentally. |
Frustration Aggression Principle | Frustration creates anger, which can generate aggression. |
Social Script | A culturally modeled guide for how to act in various situations. |
Mere Exposure Effect | The increase in liking due to increasing exposure. |
Passionate Love | An aroused state of intense positive absorption in another usually present at the beginning of a love relationship. |
Companionate Love | Deep, affectionate, intimate attachment marked by mutual concern for the welfare of the other. Less arousing, but psychologically more intimate. Equity and self-disclosure. |
Equity | When one receives what s/he gives in a relationship. |
Self-disclosure | To reveal intimate details about yourself. |
Altruism | Unselfish regard for the welfare of others. |
Bystander Effect | The tendency whereas the number of people increases, the likelihood that ONE person will help decreases. Diffusion of responsibility. |
Social Exchange Theory | The more obvious need for help, the more likely help will be given (most of the time...Kitty Genovese). |
Reciprocity Norm | People are more likely to work for incentives. |
Social-responsibility Norm | Largely learned, a norm that tells us to help others when they need us even though they may not repay us in kind. |
Conflict | A perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas. |
Social Trap | A situation in which the conflicting parties, by each pursuing their self-interest rather than the good of the group, become caught in mutually destructive behavior. |
Mirror Image Perceptions | Mutual views often held by conflicting people, as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and views the other as evil and aggressive. |
Self-fulfilling Prophecy | An expectation that causes you to act in ways that make that expectation come true. |
Superordinate Goals | Shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation. |
GRIT | Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension reduction, strategy to decrease international tensions. |