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Matter and Energy

TermDefinition
physical property The property of matter that we observe with our senses
extrinsic properties Depends on the amount of matter present; Mass, volume, and energy
intrinsic properties Does not depend on the amount of matter present; Color, melting point, boiling point, hardness, and electrical conductivity
compressible Able to conform to the container it is placed in; Able to be pressed
phase barriers The point at which matter changes phase
condensation point The temperature at which a gas becomes a liquid
freezing point The temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid or freezes
melting point The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid or melts
boiling point The temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas
sublimation The evaporation of a substance directly from a solid to a gas without melting
deposition The condensation of a substance directly from a solid to a gas without melting
density The mass per unit volume of a substance (kg/m³, g/cm³), or how tightly packed something is
polarity The relative orientation of poles; the direction of a magnetic or electric field; how the charge is distributed in a bond
volatile compound Compounds that have a high vapor pressure and low water solubility
volume The amount of space that an object takes up
pressure The amount of force applied on a given surface area
directly proportional When one quantity increases, so does the related quantity
inversely proportional As one quantity increases the other decreases
internal energy The energy in a system arising from the relative positions and interactions of its parts
exothermic reaction Releases thermal energy; Often spontaneous
endothermic reaction Absorbs thermal energy; results in the cooling of the surrounding area
activation energy The minimum quantity of energy which the reacting species must possess in order to undergo a specified reaction.
catalyst Can increase rate of reaction via decreasing activation energy
Created by: ballr
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