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RADT 412 (Ch. 19)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the 4-cm Rule? | For every 4 centimeters change in part thickness, adjust the technique by a factor of 2 (kVp by 15%) or double your mAs |
| 10 mAs is normally used for the AP femur which averages 17 cm in thickness. If the current pediatric patient’s femur is only 13 cm thick, what mAs should be used? | Half your mAs (10 mAs) Answer: 5 mAs |
| 10 mAs is normally used for the PA chest which averages 22 cm in thickness. If the current patient’s chest measures 24cm thick, what mAs should be used? | 50% of doubling the mAs since 2cm not 4cm change Answer: 15 mAs |
| What habitus is healthy, strong and active and average to other body types? | Sthenic |
| What habitus is healthy, strong and active, but unusually thin? | Hyposthenic |
| What habitus is sickly, emaciated or overly thin due to advanced age or disease? | Asthenic |
| What habitus is obese, unusually thick with barrel-shaped torso, with an excess of subcutaneous fat? | Hypersthenic |
| What habitus is tall, big-boned and athletic with solid muscle mass? | Large Muscular |
| What is the order for least to most attenuating? | Air, Fat, Water, Muscle, Bone, Metal |
| What disease increase radiopacity of tissue? | Additive diseases |
| What disease Increase radiolucency of tissue? | Destructive diseases |
| Is Ascites an additive or destructive disease? | Additive disease |
| Is Cardiomegaly an additive or destructive disease? | Additive disease |
| Is Aseptic Necrosis an additive or destructive disease? | Destructive disease |
| Is Osteomyelitis an additive or destructive disease? | Destructive disease |
| A full fiberglass/plaster cast requires a ________ change in technique. | Increase 50% mAs or 8% kVp |
| A pure fiberglass cast requires a _______ change in technique. | No increase needed |
| When measuring part thickness, for a recumbent patient, the non-movable leg of the calipers should contact the: | Patient’s back (not underneath pad) |
| If the calipers are under the mat, the thickness measurement would be ________ (greater/less), and _______ (underexposure/overexposure) can result | Greater, overexposure |
| A high proportion of people fall into an “average” part thickness category for % frequency. What % frequency is it for distal extremities and head anatomy? | > 90% |
| A high proportion of people fall into an “average” part thickness category for % frequency. What % frequency is it for abdomen, lumbar-spine, pelvis, and IVP? | 65-69% |
| The average thickness for the adult torso (chest and abdomen) is 22 cm (about 8 ½ inches) in ____(AP/Lat) projection. | AP |
| The average thickness for the adult torso in _________ (AP/Lat) projection is 30 cm (about 12 inches) | Lateral |
| What is the 4cm rule? | For every 4 centimeters change in part thickness adjust the technique by a factor of 2 (kVp by 15% or double your mAs) |
| For BMI, below 18.5 would indicate: | Underweight |
| For BMI, 18.5-24.9 would indicate: | Normal weight |
| For BMI, 25.0-29.9 would indicate: | Pre-obesity |
| For BMI, over 30.0-34.9 would indicate: | Obesity |
| X-ray absorption (attenuation) in tissues are due both to: | Thickness and to atomic number |
| The optimum kVp for solid-column barium procedures is between __________ kVp with the exception of esophagrams. | 110-120 kVp |
| Whenever a positive contrast medium with high Z# is introduced, the sharpness of detail in the image __________ (will change/will not change) | Will not change |
| Air would be __________ (Radiolucent/Radiopaque) on a radiograph. | Radiolucent |
| What is the atomic number for iodine? | 53 |
| What is the atomic number for barium? | 56 |
| Failure to penetrate the contrast agent can result in a: | Silhouette image |
| A ____________ image is an image with very high contrast (essentially all pure white and black). | silhouette image |
| For expiration chest views, increase technique by at least ____% (less air in lungs). | 35% |
| __________ (additive/destructive) diseases increase radiopacity of tissue. | Additive diseases |
| __________ (additive/destructive) diseases increase radiolucency of tissue | Destructive diseases |
| ______________ is a condition in which fluid collects in spaces within your abdomen. | Ascites (additive disease) |
| ______________ is a rare disorder that causes bones to grow abnormally and become overly dense. | Osteopetrosis (additive disease) |
| ______________ an enlarged heart. | Cardiomegaly (additive disease) |
| ______________ are rare growths of soft tissue cells that can form nearly anywhere in the body. | Fibrous Carcinomas (additive disease) |
| ______________ is an abnormal buildup of fluid in the ventricles (cavities) deep within the brain. | Hydrocephalus (additive disease) |
| ______________ is inflammation, and fibrous thickening of tissue. | Cirrhosis (additive disease) |
| ______________ is when there is too much fluid in the lungs. | Pulmonary Edema (additive disease) |
| ______________ is a loss of blood flow to bone tissue, which causes the bone to die. | Aseptic Necrosis (destructive disease) |
| ______________ is inflammation or swelling that occurs in the bone. | Osteomyelitis (destructive disease) |
| ______________ causes bones to become weak and brittle. | Osteoporosis (destructive disease) |
| ______________ is when the immune system attacks healthy body tissue. | Rheumatoid Arthritis (destructive disease) |
| ______________ occurs when something is blocking your intestine. | Bowel Obstruction (destructive disease) |
| ______________ is when there is a collapsed lung with no lung markings visible (looks smooth). | Pneumothorax (destructive disease) |
| The thick mass of healed bone that forms around a previous fracture you sometimes may see is called a(n): | erythroblast |
| A Soft Tissue technique is useful for demonstration of: | Slivers of wood, glass, or swallowed bones |
| What is a Soft Tissue technique? | Decrease the kVp by 20% from the usual technique without any compensation in mAs |
| As is pertains to casts or splints, technique adjustments depends on: | Type of material, thickness of cast/splint, whole or partial cast, and wet or dry cast |
Created by:
rdwilliams
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