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Week 6b
Audition - Psychology 1A
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hearing | sound travels in waves, which occur as a vibrating object sets air particles in motion |
| Sound waves | - pulsations of acoustic energy - grow weaker with distance - travel at a constant speed, 340 metres per second |
| Frequency | in a sound wave, the number of cycles per second, expressed in hertz and responsible for subjective experience of pitch |
| Pitch | - the psychological property corresponding to the frequency of a sound wave; the quality of a tone from low to high - the higher the frequency, the higher the pitch |
| Complexity | refers to the extent to which a sound is composed of multiple frequencies, and corresponds to the psychological property of timbre |
| Timbre | the psychological property corresponding to a sound wave’s complexity; the texture of a sound |
| Amplitude | the difference between the minimum and maximum pressure levels in a sound wave, measured in decibels; amplitude corresponds to the psychological property of loudness |
| Loudness | - the psychological property corresponding to a sound wave’s amplitude - the greater the amplitude, the louder the sound |
| Hearing process | - begins in the outer ear, which consists of the pinna and the auditory canal - sound waves are funnelled into the ear by the pinna |
| Eardrum | - the thin, flexible membrane that marks the outer boundary of the middle ear - the eardrum is set in motion by sound waves and in turn sets in motion the ossicles - also called the tympanic membrane |
| Cochlea | the three-chambered tube in the inner ear in which sound is transduced |
| Hair cells | receptors for sound attached to the basilar membrane |
| Auditory nerve | the bundle of sensory neurons that transmit auditory information from the ear to the brain |
| Conduction loss | failure of the outer or middle ear to conduct sound to the receptors in the hair cells |
| Sensorineural loss | failure of receptors in the inner ear or of neurons in any auditory pathway in the brain |
| Place theory | - a theory of pitch which proposes that different areas of the basilar membrane are maximally sensitive to different frequencies - hair cells at different points on the basilar membrane transmit information about different frequencies to the brain |
| Frequency theory | proposes that the more frequently a sound wave cycles, the more frequently the basilar membrane vibrates and its hair cells fire |
| Sound localisation | - identifying the location of a sound in space - differences between the two ears in loudness and timing of the sound |
Created by:
KathrynT
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