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Psych D&A ch 1 notes
Psych 4325 Drugs and Alcohol ch 1 notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Altered stae of consciousness | A non ordinary state of perception that can be caused by psychoactive drugs |
| Psychoactive Drugs | Any substance that directly alters the normal fuctioning of the central nervous system. |
| Shaman | A medicine man or woman who uses magic, spiritual forces, or drugs to cure illness, speak to the spirits and control the future. |
| Dionysus and Bacchus | The Roman and Greek versions of the god fo wine and ecstasy. |
| Sumeria and Mesopotamia | Two of the earliest civilizations in the Middle East where psychoactive drug use first occured. |
| Cannabis | A psychoactive plant that can be used as a source of fiber, oil, or a psychoactive substance. |
| Hexing Herbs | Members of the nightshade family of planys that contain the psychoactive chemicals atrophine and scopolamine. |
| Ergot | A toxic fugus found on rye, wheat, and other grasses that contains lysergic acid, it is used in the synthesis of LSD |
| Theriac | An opium-based cure-all that was developed almost 2,000 years ago |
| Distillation | A chemical process that vaporizes that alcohol in fermented beverages and the collects the concentrated distillate. |
| Coca | A shrub whose leaves contain cocaine; the leaves are chewed for mild high. |
| Peyote cactus | A small cactus found in northern Mexico and the Anerican southwest that contains the hallucinogen mescaline. |
| Conquistadors | Spanish soldiers who explored and conquered Latin America over 400 years ago. |
| Gin Epidemic | A period in English history (1710-1750) where availability of gin led to widespread public drunkenness and health problems. |
| Hemp | A generic term often used to describe Cannibus plants that are high in fiber content and low in THC content. |
| Opium Wars | Two wars in the 1800s mostly between England and China, that were fought for the right to sell opium in China. |
| Alkaloid | an extract of plants with phatmacological (often psychoactive)activity, e.g, morphine, cocaine, or nicotine. |
| Sigmund Freud | The nineteenth century father of modern psychiatry or popularized cocaine, partly through his book Uber Coca. |
| Temperance | A philosophy of light-to-moderate drinking that was and is an alternative to abstinence or prohibition. |
| Prohibition | A supply reduction prevention technique that prohibits the importation, sale, or use of a drug. |
| Patent medicines | Cure-alls containing opium, cocaine, marijuana, and alcohol that were very popular in he 1800s and early 1900s. |
| Excise taxes | Taxes on alcohol and tobacco |
| Pure Food and Drug Act | One of the first (1906) laws that prohibited interstate commerce in misbranded food and drugs and required accurate labeling. |
| Eighteenth Amendment | Also known as the "Prohibition Amendment" it prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages. |
| Alcoholics Anonymous | The first 12 step, self help alcoholism recovery group founded in 1934 by Bill Wilson and Dr Bob Smith. |
| Sinsemilla | a growing technique for high-potency marijuana that greatly increases the THC content from a few percent to as high as 30% or more. |
| Amphetamines | a group of long-lasting nervoud system stimulants that include amphetamine and methamphetamine |
| "Summer of Love" | A period in 1967 when the hippe movemnt flourished, characterized by drug use and free love. |
| Benzodiazepines | A group of minor traquilizers, such as Klonopin and Xanax, that calm anxiety, relax muscles and induce sleep |
| Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) | An extremely potent psychedelic (LSD) discovered in 1938 that causes illusions, delusions, hallucinations, and stimulation. |
| Methadone | A long-lasting synthetic opiate used orally to treat heroin addiction |
| Crack | A street term for smokable cocaine that gives an intense reaction when absorbed through the lungs |
| Tar heroin | a black or dark brown heroin and processed in Mexico |
| Myanmar | The modern namefor Burma in Southeast Asia, one of the main growing areas for opium poppy. |
| AIDS/HIV | A usually fatal disease spread by unsafe sex and IV drug use with contaminated needles |
| Meth | A street term for methamphetamine, and intense long lasting stimulant. |
| Club Drugs | Drugs used at music parties, often called "raves", that include MDMA or ectasy, ketamine, GHB, and nitrous oxide. |
| Ecstasy | A stimulant (MDMA) that is taken to promote closeness and empathy at parties and clubs. |
| Medical marijuana | The use of marijuana for medical purposes rather than for the high it causes. |
| Tobacco settlement | an agreemnt between tobacco companies and the various states for $246 billon over 25 years to defray tobacco-caused medical costs. |
| OxyContin & Vicodin | Two prescription opioids that are often abused by drug abusers and addicts. |
| Genetic susceptibility | One of the areas of recent studies into the cause and treatment of addiction and alcoholism |
| Behavioral addictions | Nondrug addictions such as compulsive gambling and eating disorders that have many of the same symptoms as drug addiction |
| Drug courts | Courts that offer alernatives to incarceration for drug offenses by first and occasionally second time offenders |
| Chemical name | The technical name for drug such and methlenedioxyamphetamine |
| Trade name | The commercial name for drugs such as Vicodin or Prozac |
| Street name | The slang or street name for a drug such as cracker or meth |
| Uppers | A class of drugs that act as stimulants including cocaine, amphetamines, coffee, and tobacco |
| Downers | A class of drugs that act as depressants including opiates and opioid, sedatives-hypnotics, and alcohol |
| All arounders | A class of drugs that act as psychedelics that can cause illusions, delusions, and hallucination. ie. LSD, peyote, and marijuana |
| Inhalants | a group of volatile solvents, volatile nitites, and anesthetics that are inhaled for their psyoactive effects. |
| Sports drugs | A group of drugs used to enhance athletic performance including anabolic steroids and stimulants. |
| Psychiatric medications | a group of drugs used to treat mental illness; the drugs include antidepressants, antipsychotics, and antianxiety drugs |
| Controlled Substance Act of 1970 | The comprehensive drug control act passed to reduce the growing availability and use of psychoactive drugs in the United States. |
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tiffyann20
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