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Quinolones

QuestionAnswer
Examples Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Ofloxacin,
Mechanism of action Bactericidal. Show concentration depend killing. Inhibit nucleic acid synthesis .
Antibacterial activity Effective against wide range of organisms . Gram - including pseudomonas , E.coli, shigella, salmonella. Less effective against gram+. Effective against some intracellular organisms like chlamydia, mycoplasms, legionella,brucella, mycobacteria.
Absorption Well absorbed by git.
Distribution Urine,kidney,lungs,prostate, microphages and neutrophil
Excretion Renal clearance
Adverse effects Nausea, vomiting , abdominal discomfort . Allergic reactions. Headache, dizziness,seizures. Rashes. Leukopenia,eisinophilia
Interaction Concurrent use of NSAID may potentiate cns stimulation effects of quinolones. Some are potent liver enzyme inhibitors . Mg, Al containing antacids impair the absorption . Fe, sucralfate also reduce quinolone.
Therapeutic uses UTI, Travellers diarrhea and typhoid fever, Infection of respiratory tract, Soft tissue infections , Gonorrhea , Septicemia , Topical preparations for eye infection
Ciprofloxacin Useful for therapy of chronic gram - infections such as osteomyelitis ,recurrent cholangitis.
Route Oral
Dose 250-750 mg 12 hourly
Nirfloxacin Used for acute or chronic recurrent UTI.
Nalidixic acid First widely used quinolone. Used for prevention of uti. It may cause haemolysis in g6pd deficient subjects.
Created by: Angel thili
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