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Aminoglycosides

QuestionAnswer
Aminoglycosides Inhibition of protein synthesis
Examples Gentamicin , Amikacin, Streptomycin , Neomycin , Tibramycin, Septinomycin, Kanamycin
Mode of action Rapid bactericidal. Activity enhanced by agents interfere with cell wall synthesis….
Pharmacokinetics Highly polar and water soluble. Poorly absorbed from GIT. Given IM or IV. Distrbuted in ecf. Penetration to csf is poor.
Antibacterial activity Against staphylococcus, Aerobic gram negative organism including enterobactericiae
Adverse effe Dose related. Ototoxicity, Nephrotoxicity, Neuromuscular blockade
Uses Gram - bacillary infections, Bacterial endocarditis , Tuberculosis , tularaemia, plague, brucellosis, Topical applications
Gentamicin Active against aerobic gram negative bacilli, E.coli, enterobacter , klebsiella, proteus, pseudomonas aeruginosa
Indications of gentamicin Septicemia and neonatal sepsis, Billiary tract infections , Acute pyelonephritis or prostatis, Endocarditis , Pneumonia in hospital patients, Adjunct in listerial meningitis
Route IM or IV
Tobramycin Simillar to gentamicin in pharmacokinetics and antibacterial properties. Superior activity against p. Aeruginosa , Given as IM or IV.
Amikacin Braod antimicrobial activity , Reserved for the treatment of gentamicin resisitant organisms. Given as IM or IV
Netilmicin Semisynthetic Aminoglycoside. Like amikacin it resists aminoglycoside inactivating enzymes.
Neomycin Topical application for skin , eye and ear infections .
Framycetin Similar to neomycin in use and toxicity.
Streptomycin Used in gentamicin resistant enterococcal endocarditis, Tularemia, Plague, Multiple drug resistant tuberculosis , Given as IM injection
Septinomycin Aminocyclitol antibiotic . Structurally simillar to aminoglycosides. Bacteriostatic. Used to treat gonorrhea who are allergic to penicillin .
Created by: Angel thili
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