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Aminoglycosides

QuestionAnswer
Inhibition of protein synthesis Aminoglycosides
Examples Gentamicin, Amikacin, Streptomycin, Neomycin
Mode of action Bactericidal. Activity enhanced by agents interfere with cell wall synthesis. ……..
Route IM, IV
Pharmacokinetics Poorly absorbed from GIT, Penetration into csf is poor, Negligible binding to albumin, Excreted via kidneys, Bacterial killing is concerntration depending,
Antibacterial activity Staphylococcus, Aerobic gram negative including enterobactericea
Adverse effects Dose related, High risk in renal impairment, dehydration or nephrotoxic drugs are co administered.
Adverse effects Ototoxicity, Nephrotoxicity, Neuromuscular blockade,
Uses Gram - bacillary infections , Bacterial endocarditis , Tuberculosis , tularaemia, plague, brucellosis, As topical applications.
Gentamycin Active against gram - , E.coli, enterobacter, klebsiella, proteus, paeudomonas aeruginosa
Indications of gentamicin Septicemia n neonatal sepsis, Billiary tract infections , Acute pyelonephritis or prostatis, Endocarditis , Pneumonia in hospital patients , Adjunct in listerial meningitis
Route IM or IV
Unwanted effects Nephrotoxicity , Irreversible ototoxicity
Tobramycin Very simillar to gentamicin in pharmacokinetic and antibacterial properties.
Superior activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Uses Bacteremia, Osteomyelitis, Pneumonia
Route IM, IV injection
Amikacin Broadest antimicrobial activity bcz it resists the aminoglycoside inactivating enzymes.
Route IM or IV
Netilmicin Semisynthetic aminoglycoside
Neomycin Broad spectrum. Topical application for skin, eye, ear.
Framycetin Simillar to neomycin in use and toxicity.
Streptomycin Used in gentamicin resistant enterococcal endocarditis, tularemia, plague, multiple drug resistant tuberculosis. Given as IM injection.
Septinomycin Aminocyclitol antibiotic. Structurally realted to aminoglycosides. Acts by selectively inhibiting protein synthesis in gram negative organisms. Bacteriostatic. Use to treat gonorrhea who are allergic to penicillin. IM injection .
Created by: Angel thili
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