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356 - Ch. 4
Chapter 4. Psychopharmacology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When used in combination with anxiolytic medication, alcohol leads to ____ effects and caffeine leads to ____ effects. | increased; decreased Anxiolytic medications work by depressing certain CNS functions. Alcohol is also a CNS depressant that potentiates (increases) effects of anxiolytics. Caffeine is a CNS stimulant and inhibits (decreases) their effects. |
| During the hospitalization of SI pt, the patient was placed on a tricyclic antidepressant. Which action should the nurse implement to maintain the patient’s safety when the patient is discharged? | Provide a 1-week supply of medication to be refilled after visiting the provider. |
| Which statement best describes how the perspective on psychopharmacological use of phenothiazines has historically changed? | Phenothiazines were originally used as a preoperative medication and found to improve the client’s anxiety. |
| The patient asks the nurse, “I heard about MAOIs (monoamine oxidase inhibitors). Why can’t they be added to what I am on now? Wouldn’t adding one help?” Which is the most appropriate nursing response? | “Combined use can lead to a life-threatening condition called a hypertensive crisis. |
| A patient began taking lithium for the treatment of bipolar disorder approximately 1 month ago and asks why he has gained 12 pounds since then. Which is the most appropriate nursing response? | “Weight gain is a common but troubling side effect. Let’s talk about some strategies for safely improving your nutrition and exercise habits.” |
| The nurse is assessing a patient who has a diagnosis of schizophrenia and takes an antipsychotic agent daily. Which finding requires further nursing assessment? | Oral temperature of 101°F |
| A patient who is older with chronic schizophrenia takes an antipsychotic and propranolol, a beta-adrenergic blocking agent, for hypertension. Given the combined side effects of these drugs, which patient teaching should the nurse provide? | “Rise slowly when you change position from lying to sitting or sitting to standing.” |
| A patient with depression and substance abuse has an interrupted sleep pattern. The patient demands a sedative. Which teaching should the nurse provide about the rationale for the use of nonpharmacological interventions instead? | “Sedative-hypnotics are potentially addictive and gradually lose their effectiveness as one builds up tolerance to them.” |
| Which statement about tricyclic antidepressant medications is accurate? | Their full therapeutic potential may not be reached until 4 weeks. |
| A patient was admitted with a chronic level of major depression. The patient was started on an MAOI orally daily during this hospitalization. The nurse’s discharge teaching should include which of the following? | “You should avoid foods with tyramine, including beer, beans, processed meats, and red wine.” |
| In the treatment of anxiety disorders, benzodiazepines (e.g., Ativan, Xanax) are indicated for ____ use and have ____ abuse potential. | Short-term; high |
| Which medication requires periodic blood-level monitoring? | Paxil (paroxetine) |
| As part of discharge teaching, which guideline regarding lithium therapy will the nurse plan to include? | Consume at least 2500 mL of fluid daily. |
| A patient with schizophrenia has recently begun a new medication, clozapine (Clozaril). Which is a fatal side effect that should be included in the teaching plan? | Agranulocytosis |
| A patient with schizophrenia recently began a new medication, clozapine (Clozaril). Which signs and symptoms of a potentially fatal side effect will the nurse include in the teaching plan? | Sore throat, fever, and malaise |
| A client with schizophrenia recently began a new medication, clozapine (Clozaril). Which blood cell counts reveal a potentially fatal side effect of this medication? | WBCs less than 3,000/mm3; granulocytes less than 1,500/mm3 |
| A psychiatrist prescribes an MAOI for a patient. When teaching the patient about the effects of tyramine, which foods will the nurse caution the patient to avoid? | Pepperoni pizza and red wine |
| A patient has been diagnosed with major depressive disorder and is prescribed imipramine (Tofranil). Which information specifically related to this class of antidepressants will the nurse plan to include in patient and family education? | The medication may cause photosensitivity. |
| Which information suggests caution is necessary when prescribing a benzodiazepine to an anxious client? | The client has a history of alcohol dependence. |
| Which medication is most likely to be prescribed for the extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotic medications? | . Benztropine (Cogentin) |
| The patient reports maintenance dosage of lithium carbonate.Upon further assessment the nurse finds that the patient has been coughing, a runny nose, chest congestion, blurred vision, fever of 100.9°F, and “ringing in their ears.” | Lithium toxicity |
| The parent voices concern over the child’s poor appetite and inability to gain weight. Which of the following interventions would be the most appropriate to address the parent’s concerns? | Administer the child’s medication immediately after meals. |
| 3. A patient is experiencing a psychotic episode. The nurse finds that the patient has allergies to penicillin, prochlorperazine (Compazine), and bee stings. Which antipsychotic medication is contraindicated for this patient? | Thioridazine (Mellaril) |
| A physician prescribes an additional medication for a patient taking an antipsychotic agent. ” Which is the most appropriate nursing assessment to determine when to give this medication? | Tremors and a shuffling gait |
| A patient is diagnosed with anxiety disorder. Which medication would the nurse expect to be prescribed? | Diazepam (Valium) |
| The nurse is preparing to assess a patient before the physician prescribes a regimen of psychopharmacological therapy. Which components will the nurse assess? Select all that apply. | . Medical history 2. Physical examination findings 3. Ethnocultural characteristics 4. Current medication |
Created by:
Kristi.bohannon2
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