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Psych test 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who believed that the mind is a blank slate at birth? | Locke |
| What is nurture vs. nature? | heredity vs. environment |
| What is continuity vs. discontinuity? | changes in friendship (none to several) vs. change in kind or type of friends |
| Maturation | genetically programmed dequential change patterns |
| critical period | when an organism is responsive and learns from a specific type of stimulation |
| sensitive period | time when a particular experience can be best incorporated into the maturational process |
| The concept of original sin states that all children are born... | with a selfish nature |
| Watson's behaviourism | defines development in terms of behaviour changes caused by environmental influences |
| behaviour genetics | genetic contributions to individual behaviour |
| Psychoanalytic Developement Theory | behaviour is governed by unconscious and conscious process |
| Freud: | libido- basic, unconscious, instinct id-source of libido ego-conscious, high up thought superego-morality rigid feeding schedules |
| Cognitive-Information-Processing | child's action on environment and cognitive processing of experiences |
| Piaget | environment does not shape child, children actively seek out understanding of environment |
| Vygotsky | Tasks accomplished with guidance by adults |
| Information processing | how our minds manages information (computer) |
| Cross-sectional design | different people |
| longitudinal design | same people |
| sequential design | both cross-sectional and longitunidal |
| correlation | strength of relationship (zero to high)does not reveal casual relationships |
| experiments | tests a casual hypothesis |
| quasi-experiment | compare groups with randomness |
| human cells contains _____ chromosomes | 46 |
| gametes have ____ chromosomes each | 23 |
| Spock | open displays of affection |
| Plato, Descartes | some knowledge inborn |
| Rousseau | Humans seek out experiences that help them grow |
| Rasa | knowledge created from experienceenvironmental factors change development |
| Hall | milestones are an inborn pattern |
| Watson | behaviourism, children can be trained through manipulation of environment (Little albert) |
| Describe maturation, maintenance, facilitation, attunement, induction | maturation-upward curvemaintenance-upward curve with ability to fallfacilitation-ledge curve with escalationattunement-stair stepinduction-upward curve and no curve |
| Piaget Adaptation | Assimilation, accomodation, equilibrium |
| Skinner | Operant conditioning: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment |
| Bandura | social cognitive learning theory- observational or modeling |
| Polygenic inheritance | genes blend together to increase genetic outcome in phenotype |
| Multifactorial patterns | traits influenced by both genes and environment |
| Genomic Imprinting | biochemically marked at time of ova and sperm developement |
| Mitochondrial Inheritance | genes passed only from mother to child |
| genotype | genetic blueprint |
| phenotype | observable characterisitics |
| Brazelton neonatal behavioural assessment | tracks developement of reflexes for 2 weeks |
Created by:
Deebaby
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