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ElectricityMagnetism

TermDefinition
Electric force The attraction or repulsive interaction between any two charged particles.
Coulomb's Law The electrostatic force between two charged particles.
Electric field The region around a charged particle which exerts force on another object or particle.
Electric field lines Point in the direction that a positive charge would move when in the presence of an electric field.
Electricity The movement of electrons.
Electrical conductor A material or object that permits an electric current to flow easily
Electrical insulator A material that does not permit an electric current to flow.
semiconductor Material with few electrons that conduct electricity but if enough energy is provided, electrons can be freed and allowed to flow.
superconductor Conductive materials whose resistivity abruptly decreases to zero as the temperature decreases below a critical value.
Static electricity Occurs as a result of excess positive or negative charges on an object's surface.
friction Created by two objects rubbing together.
induction Occurs when a charged object is brought near to, but not touching an insulator. Causes molecules to shift towards the uncharged side.
conduction Occurs when two objects, one charged and one neutral, are brought into contact with one another.
Current electricity Electrons flow through the circuit but slow down as they create friction while moving.
current The flow rate of electrons through a circuit.
resistance The measure of how difficult is to move electrons through a circuit.
voltage The force that moves electrons through a circuit.
ampere What the flow rate is measured in.
coulomb The SI unit for the charge.
Potential difference The difference of electrical potential between two points.
volts What voltage is measured in.
Ohm’s Law The resistance is equal to the voltage divided by the current.
ohms Resistance units.
resistivity Inverse to conductivity. Measure of how difficult it is for electricity to travel through a material.
circuit The path through which electricity is conducted.
Series circuit All current is the same through each part or load.
Surge protector A device that prevents an electrical surge from damaging electronic equipment.
Circuit diagram A series circuit.
switch Used to open and close the circuit.
fuse A safety device that protects electrical circuits from the effects of excessive currents.
Parallel circuit Has more than one path for the electricity to flow but the voltage stays the same through all of the resistors in the circuit.
Circuit breaker An automatic device for stopping the flow of current in an electric circuit as a safety measure.
Bar magnet A magnet in the shape of a bar with poles at its ends.
de-magnetize Remove its magnetic quality.
Magnetic field Invisible force around the magnet between the two poles.
Magnetite Naturally occurring magnet and found as a mineral.
Magnetic Field Lines Invisible, point from the north pole to the south pole.
Compass Contains a small magnet on a pivot to help align with the earth's magnetic field and find your way.
Lodestone A primitive compass. A piece of magnetite or other naturally magnetized mineral, able to be used as a magnet.
Electromagnetic force Responsible for electric charge and the flow of electrons while producing magnetic properties in certain metals. Fundamental force.
Electromagnet Becomes magnetic when electricity flows through it.
Alternating current An electric current that reverses its direction many times a second at regular intervals, typically used in power supplies.
Direct current Produced by a battery and only flows in one direction.
Created by: emilyl927
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